Understanding Cortisol and Its Functions

Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, playing several critical roles in the body, including regulating blood pressure and blood sugar levels. It is often referred to as the body's stress hormone, but its functions extend beyond stress response, including immune function and metabolism. Understanding cortisol is vital in recognizing that both excessive and insufficient levels can lead to health issues. The hormone follows a diurnal rhythm, typically peaking when waking up and dropping during sleep, which is crucial for maintaining homeostasis.