Windy Dryden, Emeritus Professor of Psychotherapeutic Studies at Goldsmiths, University of London, is a leading expert on Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. He shares insights on the evolution of psychotherapy since the 1970s and the significance of emotional flexibility in therapy. Dryden explains the unique aspects of REBT and the ABC model, along with the benefits of single-session therapy. He also delves into managing anger, distinguishing between healthy and unhealthy expressions, and offers practical advice for personal growth.
The evolution of psychotherapy reflects a shift towards integration and holistic methods, moving from traditional CBT to acceptance and mindfulness techniques.
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) emphasizes the role of flexible attitudes in emotional well-being, promoting healthier responses through the awareness of demanding beliefs.
Single Session Therapy (SST) offers clients a concise approach to addressing their issues, enhancing accessibility and immediate resolution while maintaining flexibility for future sessions.
Deep dives
Evolution of Psychotherapy Practices
Since the 1970s, psychotherapy has undergone significant changes, particularly in the prominence of integration and pluralism among therapeutic approaches. Early Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) focused heavily on cognitive restructuring, whereas modern practices have shifted towards acceptance and mindfulness techniques, reflecting a move from the second wave of CBT to a more holistic, third-wave approach. Wendy Dryden notes that Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT), once widely regarded, has since lost some of its popularity as other methods gained traction, illustrating the evolving landscape of therapeutic methods. The acceptance of various therapeutic frameworks and the convergence of different methodologies highlight a growing recognition of the complexity of human psychology.
Understanding REBT's Core Principles
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) emphasizes the importance of attitudes in emotional well-being, positing that people disturb themselves through rigid and extreme beliefs about life events. Dryden explains that REBT is fundamentally attitudinal, stressing that flexible perspectives can lead to healthier emotional responses and behaviors. For instance, if someone feels anger over unfair treatment, recognizing that while they prefer respectful behavior, it is not an absolute requirement can help manage that anger. This distinction between demanding beliefs and flexible preferences is central to effectively navigating emotions and is crucial to fostering healthier interpersonal relationships.
The Therapeutic Alliance and Client Responsibility
A key aspect of successful psychotherapeutic practices is fostering a collaborative therapeutic alliance, where both the therapist and client engage responsively in the healing process. Dryden emphasizes that clients often need to take responsibility for their emotions, particularly in the case of anger, which can lead to more constructive outcomes. Encouraging clients to acknowledge their anger and reflect on the underlying demands contributing to it empowers them to transition from blame to personal accountability. As therapists navigate these dynamics, the need for adaptability and acceptance in the therapeutic relationship becomes increasingly vital.
Single Session Therapy: A Flexible Approach
Single Session Therapy (SST) emerges as an innovative alternative to traditional lengthy therapy, offering clients the opportunity to address issues in a concise and focused manner. Dryden discusses the value of this approach, where clients come prepared and clarify their needs before engaging in a single session, allowing for immediate, practical resolutions to their issues. Notably, the session is framed not as a one-off encounter but as an open invitation for further engagement if desired, promoting flexibility for the client. By recognizing that many clients only need brief support, SST can significantly enhance client accessibility and satisfaction in therapy.
The Complex Nature of Anger
Anger is often mismanaged and undertreated in therapeutic contexts, with many individuals believing that it is the responsibility of others to change their behavior. Dryden highlights that taking ownership of one's anger is critical, as it requires acknowledging the rigid demands which provoke those feelings. He distinguishes between healthy and unhealthy anger, asserting that healthy anger recognizes grievances without leading to destructive behaviors. This nuanced understanding of anger prompts individuals to reflect on their emotional responses and ultimately leads to healthier coping mechanisms.
In this episode, I chat with Windy Dryden. Windy is Emeritus Professor of Psychotherapeutic Studies at Goldsmiths in the University of London. He has been working in the field of psychotherapy since 1975, and was one of the first people in Britain to be trained in Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT). He learned from pioneers such as Albert Ellis, Aaron T. Beck and Arnold Lazarus, among others. He is a very influential figure in the field himself, best-known as the UK’s leading expert on Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT). In a career spanning almost half a century, he has worked with thousands of clients, trained countless students, and written or edited 285 books on psychotherapy.
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Highlights
* What was different when you first began studying psychotherapy in the 1970s?
* Do you think anything was done better in the past?)
* In a nutshell, what is Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy?
* What the relationship is between REBT and CBT.
* What is single-session therapy?
* What information do you need to get from the client to make this approach work?
* Do you ask clients to do preparatory work before the session or homework afterwards?
* How can REBT help with anger?
* How do we distinguish healthy from unhealthy anger?
* What’s the simplest bit of good advice, in your view, that could be given to people struggling with anger?