The Daily Stoic Socrates vs. The Thirty Tyrants | Philosophy in an Age of Fear
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Feb 16, 2025 
In this insightful discussion, Donald Robertson, author and expert in Stoic philosophy, delves into the tumultuous era of Socrates amidst the ruthless Thirty Tyrants. He highlights Socrates' moral stand against oppression, despite his ties to the regime. The conversation explores the philosophical clashes between Socrates and Critias on justice, power, and the nature of genuine virtue. Robertson also reflects on the responsibilities of leaders to pursue true goodness over fleeting pleasures, inviting listeners to consider the complexities of ethics in governance.
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Socrates' Tumultuous Times
- Socrates, a Stoic hero, lived during a tumultuous period in Athens, much like our own time.
- His era was marked by political unrest, jealousy, and short-sightedness, culminating in his execution by a democratic legal system.
Athens' Surrender and the Rise of the Thirty
- Following the Peloponnesian War, Athens surrendered to Sparta, agreeing to dismantle its defenses and accept Spartan rule.
- Thirty oligarchs, including Critias, a former student of Socrates, were appointed to revise the Athenian constitution.
The Thirty's Reign of Terror and Thrasybulus' Rebellion
- The Thirty Tyrants, led by Critias, initially prosecuted informers but soon became oppressive, executing those who opposed them or threatened their power.
- Thrasybulus, a democrat general, led a rebellion against the Thirty, capturing the fortress of Phyle.
