AI Snips
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Incumbents Largely Persist Over Decades
- Incumbents rarely vanish en masse; many persist or transform rather than disappear.
- From 1995 to 2023 about 40% stayed, ~50% merged or were sold, and only ~7–8% dropped out.
Collapse Stories Are Exceptions
- Famous collapse stories like Blockbuster, Nokia, and Kodak are outliers rather than the norm.
- Most incumbents use brand, supply chains, and partners to withstand new tech entrants.
Apple Versus Tesla Example
- Aaron contrasts Apple and Tesla to show different disruption outcomes.
- Apple remade its industry with the iPhone, while Tesla has not yet overtaken global auto volumes.