Government struggles with building and maintaining software due to hierarchical, inflexible processes.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the potential for efficient government tech solutions.
Socio-technical challenges like identity validation and staff training impact government tech efficacy.
Deep dives
Challenges in Government Technology
Government technology projects often face challenges arising from a hierarchical top-down approach that lacks flexibility. These projects are characterized by rigid requirements gathering, large-scale contracting with limited vendor options, and a focus on compliance over user-centered design. Internal capacity issues and a culture that prioritizes policy over technology contribute to the inefficiency and complexity of government technology projects.
Impact of COVID-19 on Government Tech Innovation
The COVID-19 pandemic prompted a shift in mindset towards faster and more efficient government tech solutions. Projects like COVID test.gov demonstrated the feasibility of streamlined, user-friendly platforms. While challenges exist, such as the archeological layers of technology and policy within government systems, COVID-19 highlighted the potential for responsive and effective technology solutions.
Socio-Technical Challenges in Government Systems
The integration of technology within government systems reveals socio-technical challenges that extend beyond the technical realm. Issues like validation of identity, lack of national technology infrastructure, and training limitations for staff impact the efficacy of government programs. Understanding the interconnected nature of technology and human resources is essential for addressing inefficiencies in government tech projects.
Issues with Unemployment Insurance Systems
Unemployment insurance systems face challenges during economic downturns due to a lack of preparedness for sudden high volumes of claims. The cyclical nature of recessions leads to overwhelmed systems during peak periods, highlighting the need for better funding and staffing strategies. Past attempts at modernization post-recession have not significantly improved system performance, emphasizing the importance of proactive and goal-driven modernization approaches.
Challenges in Government Tech and Policy Integration
The intersection of government tech and policy presents hurdles related to outdated systems and rigid policy adherence. Issues such as system design based on unclear or outdated requirements illustrate the need for a balance between compliance goals and user experience. Developing better accountability mechanisms and setting clear expectations for system functionality can drive improvements in government tech projects by prioritizing outcomes over process adherence.
There's a lot of frustration about the government's ability to build things in the US. Subways. Bridges. High-speed rail. Electricity transmission. But there's another crucial area where the public sector often struggles, and that is software. We saw it with the infamous rollout of Obamacare. We see it in the UX of the Treasury Direct website. And we saw it in the way state unemployment insurance systems broke during the pandemic. So why is it so hard for the public sector to build and maintain software? On this episode we speak with Jennifer Pahlka, the founder and former executive director of Code for America and author of the new book Recoding America: Why Government Is Failing in the Digital Age and How We Can Do Better, as well as Dave Guarino, who recently left the Department of Labor after working on upgrading the unemployment insurance system. Both have a long history of working on public sector software systems and they explain why the problem is so tricky.