Understanding Cortisol and Its Functions

Cortisol is a steroid hormone produced primarily in the adrenal gland, and it plays a critical role in the body’s response to stress. It aids in various functions, including regulating blood pressure, inflammation, and immune system activity. The adrenal gland consists of distinct layers, with cortisol being produced in the zona fasciculata, which is essential for managing energy, particularly during stressful situations. Increased cortisol levels provide energy by signaling the liver, muscles, and fat tissues to release stored carbohydrates, break down fats, and mobilize proteins for use.