In this discussion, Professor Graham Close, a human physiology expert from Liverpool John Moores University, dives into the world of protein powders. He addresses listener Helen’s query on whether whey or plant-based proteins are beneficial for muscle recovery. The conversation clears up myths about protein timing and intake, highlighting the benefits of whole foods. Plus, the environmental implications of protein sources are explored, noting the pros and cons of supplements versus natural foods. It’s a blend of science and practical advice!
Protein is crucial for muscle growth and overall bodily functions, with higher intake recommended, particularly for aging individuals.
Whey and plant-based proteins can fulfill dietary needs, but prioritizing whole food sources is essential over reliance on supplements.
Deep dives
Understanding Protein's Role in the Body
Protein is essential as one of the three macronutrients required in our diet, playing a crucial role in muscle growth, repair, and maintaining a healthy immune system. While many people associate protein primarily with bodybuilding and recovery, it is involved in various bodily functions, including enzymatic reactions and hormone production. There is growing evidence suggesting that higher protein intake is necessary for most individuals, particularly as they age, where the body's ability to utilize protein effectively decreases. For non-active individuals, a recommended intake of 0.8 grams per kilogram of body weight is considered too low, with a more fitting range suggested to be between 1.2 and 1.4 grams.
The Debate Between Protein Sources
There are various protein sources available, primarily categorized into animal-based, such as whey, and plant-based options. Whey protein, a by-product of cheese production, is highly regarded due to its complete amino acid profile and rich leucine content, which stimulates muscle protein synthesis. Plant-based proteins, such as those derived from peas or hemp, can also deliver adequate amounts of protein but may need to be combined to provide a complete amino acid profile. Overall, both sources can meet dietary needs, with the preference largely depending on personal dietary choices and tolerances.
Timing of Protein Consumption
The common belief is that protein should be consumed within a 30-minute window after exercise to maximize benefits, but this idea has been challenged. Research indicates that the body's anabolic response to protein ingestion occurs not only immediately post-workout but can be effective up to several hours later. This finding can alleviate the pressure on active individuals to consume protein shakes urgently following workouts. Ultimately, spreading out protein intake throughout the day may be more beneficial than adhering strictly to the post-exercise window.
Food First: Prioritizing Whole Foods Over Powders
While protein powders can offer convenience, particularly when whole food sources are not available, the emphasis should generally be on obtaining nutrients from real food. Many experts suggest that the majority of people can meet their protein needs through a balanced diet without the need for supplements, highlighting the importance of whole food consumption. There is skepticism surrounding the health claims of processed protein bars, which are often just candy bars with added protein. Thus, a food-first approach is advocated, using supplements only when necessary to fill dietary gaps.
Listener Helen from Manchester got in touch to ask about Protein Powders, as she considered replenishing her supply that she’s been taking after long distance runs.
She wanted to know if Whey or Plant-based protein really can help her build and repair muscle, whether there’s a set amount she should be having, if one type is better than the other, or if she could just get the protein she needs from her food – and save on buying another bag?
Greg Foot brings back Professor of Human Physiology, Sport and Exercise Sciences at Liverpool, John Moores University, Graeme Close to answer Helen’s questions, tell us what our body needs and uses protein for, and whether it really can deliver ‘Gainz’ (with a Z.)
As always, all of our investigations start with YOUR suggestions. If you’ve seen an ad, trend or wonder product promising to make you happier, healthier or greener, email us at sliced.bread@bbc.co.uk OR send a voice note to our WhatsApp number, 07543 306807.
PRESENTER: GREG FOOT
PRODUCER: KATE HOLDSWORTH & PHIL SANSOM
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