236. Zoë Schlanger with Brooke Jarvis: The Light Eaters
Sep 3, 2024
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Zoë Schlanger, a staff writer at The Atlantic and climate change expert, dives into the remarkable abilities of plants in her latest work. She reveals how plants communicate, recognize kin, and even listen for water. Schlanger explores concepts of plant intelligence, challenging our perceptions of consciousness beyond humans. She highlights the intricate relationships between plants and insects, and calls for a deeper respect for these life forms, emphasizing their vital roles in ecosystems and the enlightening implications of their behaviors.
Plants exhibit remarkable signaling responses and communication methods, suggesting a form of intelligence comparable to nervous systems in animals.
The chameleon vine demonstrates intricate mimicry abilities that challenge our understanding of plant behavior and their interaction with the environment.
Ethical considerations arise from recognizing plant intelligence, emphasizing our responsibility in how we treat and interact with plant life in ecosystems.
Deep dives
Zoe Schlanger's Exploration of Plant Biology
Zoe Schlanger discusses innovative research involving plants treated with fluorescent jellyfish proteins to observe their signaling responses. During a visit to a plant laboratory, researchers demonstrated how plants respond to different stimuli by using glutamate as a signaling enhancer. When under duress, plants exhibited bioluminescent ripples along their veins, reminiscent of a nervous system response. This discovery pushes the boundaries of how we understand communication and signaling in plants and raises questions about whether they possess forms of nervous processing.
Chameleon Vines and Plant Mimicry
The chameleon vine from southern Chile demonstrates how some plants can mimic the morphology of neighboring species, essentially blending into their environment for survival. This mimicry was so intricate that it even involved changes in leaf shape and color to resemble specific plants, prompting debates in the scientific community about whether such capabilities imply a form of plant intelligence. Observations of this vine sparked excitement as researchers sought to understand whether its mimicry was instinctual, requiring plant vision, or driven by microbial influences. This inquiry into plant mimicry offers profound implications for our understanding of plant behavior and interspecies communication.
Vavilovian Mimicry and Agricultural Implications
Vavilovian mimicry refers to the phenomenon where weed species gradually evolve to resemble crop plants to avoid being filtered out during harvesting. This adaptation highlights the complex relationships between humans and plants, as certain weeds have transformed their physiology to survive alongside beneficial crops like rye and vetch. This evolutionary strategy emphasizes the potential for plants to manipulate agricultural practices and conditions to their advantage. The ongoing study of these phenomena could have significant implications for future agricultural practices, particularly as scientists explore the ethical aspects of crop cultivation.
Plant Communication and Awareness
Research indicates that plants can communicate via chemical signals, allowing them to warn neighboring plants of potential threats. This communication may even vary by species and could involve an awareness of kinship ties, suggesting levels of social interaction previously unappreciated in the plant kingdom. Moreover, studies suggest that plants can perceive and respond to sound, such as the noise of their pollinators, enhancing their reproductive success. These interactions suggest that plants are more active participants in their ecosystems than previously understood, showcasing intricate social networks.
Ethical Considerations and Future Research
The podcast dives into the wider ethical implications of acknowledging plant intelligence and the responsibility that comes with understanding their roles in our ecosystems. As scientific discussions evolve, questions about whether plants can experience suffering or maintain a form of consciousness emerge. This inquiry touches upon a broader awareness of our impact on the environment and the moral considerations involved in how we treat plant life. Looking ahead, researchers hope to uncover ways to better integrate these insights into sustainable agricultural practices that respect plant autonomy and communication.
Did you know that plants can hear sounds? And have a social life? Science writer Zoë Schlanger shares even more remarkable plant talents in her latest book, The Light Eaters, illustrating the tremendous biological creativity it takes to be a plant. To survive and thrive while rooted in a single spot, plants have adapted ingenious methods of survival. They communicate. They recognize their own kin. Schlanger immerses into the world of being a plant, into its drama and complexity.
Scientists have learned that plants, rather than imitate human intelligence, have perhaps formed a parallel system. What is intelligent life, Schlanger argues, if not a vine that grows leaves to blend into the shrub on which it climbs, a flower that shapes its bloom to fit exactly the beak of its pollinator, a pea seedling that can hear water flowing, and make its way toward it?
Our understanding and definition of a plant is rapidly changing. So then what do we owe these life forms once we come to comprehend their rich and varied abilities? An eye-opening and informative look at the ecosystem we live in, Schlanger challenges us to rethink the role of plants—and our own place—in the natural world.
Zoë Schlanger is a staff writer at the Atlantic, where she covers climate change. Her work has appeared in the New York Times, the New York Review of Books, Time, Newsweek, The Nation,Quartz, and on NPR among other major outlets, and in the 2022 Best American Science and Nature Writing anthology. A recipient of a 2017 National Association of Science Writers’ reporting award, she is often a guest speaker in schools and universities.
Brooke Jarvis is an award-winning journalist who writes for The New York Times Magazine, The New Yorker, and elsewhere.