Sophie Scott, a professor of cognitive neuroscience at University College London, dives into the fascinating world of laughter. She reveals how laughter serves various social functions, enhancing bonding among humans and animals. Sophie discusses its contagious nature and the differences between voluntary and involuntary laughter, shedding light on the neurobiology behind this joyful expression. The conversation highlights the evolutionary importance of laughter and its potential to improve our well-being.
Laughter serves as a complex non-verbal communication tool that enhances social bonding and emotional connection among individuals.
Physiologically, laughter triggers beneficial changes such as decreased stress hormone levels and increased endorphin release, promoting relaxation and well-being.
Deep dives
Understanding the Nature of Laughter
Laughter serves as a non-verbal emotional vocalization, primarily produced through large contractions of the intercostal muscles. This process results in a sound that is distinctly different from speech, consisting of short bursts of air. Notably, humans laugh during exhalation, contrasting with other apes, which can laugh on both inhalation and exhalation. The mechanics of laughter may seem primitive, but it plays a complex role in communication, eliciting various emotional responses and social bonding.
The Emotional and Physiological Benefits of Laughter
Laughter triggers significant physiological effects, including a decrease in adrenaline levels, which contributes to feelings of relaxation. Following a good laugh, cortisol levels, the body’s stress hormone, also decline, while endorphin release increases, providing a natural pain relief similar to that experienced after exercise. This body chemistry explains why laughter often feels enjoyable, even if one experiences physical exertion during the act. Additionally, the anticipation of laughter alone can initiate these beneficial physiological changes, highlighting its deep-rooted impact on well-being.
The Social Functions and Contagion of Laughter
Laughter plays a crucial role in social interactions, often serving to express agreement, understanding, and emotional connection within groups. Humans uniquely exhibit laughter contagion, where the sound of one person's laughter can prompt others to join in, reinforcing social bonds. This contagious nature of laughter indicates the ability to communicate and connect emotionally without physical proximity. Furthermore, laughter's multifaceted use enables individuals to manage emotions and alleviate tension in various contexts, underscoring its essential role in human interaction.
Madeleine Finlay speaks to Sophie Scott, a professor of cognitive neuroscience at University College London, to dig into the science of laughter. Sophie explains what exactly laughter is, the many different purposes it serves for humans and animals, and how prioritising it could make us all feel a little better. Help support our independent journalism at theguardian.com/sciencepod
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