Emily Wilson, Professor of Classical Studies, and the hosts discuss Plato's Symposium, exploring themes of love and Eros. They delve into Plato's life, influence, and the historical context of Athens. The disastrous Sicilian expedition and themes of moderation and desires are also analyzed.
Plato's Symposium explores love and Athenian intellectuals, revealing Socrates as influential yet controversial.
Plato aimed to influence rulers through his philosophical works, establishing the Academy to propagate Socratic teachings.
Deep dives
Plato's Symposium: Historical Context and Characters
Plato's Symposium is a philosophical dialogue on love (Eros) set in 416 BC, exploring the figure of Socrates and his circle. The dialogue, focusing on a drinking party where Socrates and his acquaintances discuss love, delves into historical figures like Alcibiades and the impending Sicilian expedition. The small, interconnected world of Athenian intellectuals is revealed, with Socrates portrayed as a central yet controversial figure shaping the youth.
Plato's Early Life and Philosophical Development
Plato, born around 427 BC, came from an aristocratic family and became a devotee of Socrates. After Socrates' death, he established his own school, the Academy, to propagate Socratic teachings. Through his works, such as the Republic, Plato sought to influence rulers towards a philosophical approach to governance. The dialogue presents a young Plato engaging with Socrates and his intellectual contemporaries.
The Foreboding of the Sicilian Expedition and Athens' Fate
Taking place during a truce between Athens and Sparta, the Symposium hints at the imminent Sicilian expedition and its disastrous consequences. The gathering at Agathon's house symbolizes a moment of celebration amidst the approaching calamity. The allusions to Alcibiades, the desecration of the herms, and the failed expedition highlight the underlying tensions and ominous events shaping Athenian society and politics.
Plato’s Symposium, his philosophical dialogue on love, or eros, was probably written around 380 BCE, but it’s set in 416, during the uneasy truce between Athens and Sparta in the middle of the Peloponnesian War. A symposium was a drinking party, though Socrates and his friends, having had a heavy evening the night before, decide to go easy on the wine and instead take turns making speeches in praise of love – at least until Alcibiades turns up, very late and very drunk. In this episode of Among the Ancients, Emily and Tom discuss the dialogue’s philosophical ideas, historical context and narrative form, and why Aristophanes gets the hiccups.
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