Close Readings

The confessional poets of the mid-20th century considered themselves a ‘doomed’ generation, with a cohesive identity and destiny. Their intertwining personal lives were laid bare in their work, and Robert Lowell, John Berryman and Elizabeth Bishop returned repeatedly to the elegy to commemorate old friends and settle old scores.In this episode, Mark and Seamus turn to elegies for poets by poets, tracing the intricate connections between them. Lowell, Berryman and Bishop’s work was offset by a deep commitment to the literary tradition, and Mark and Seamus identify their shared influences and anxieties.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrldIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingsldFind further reading in the LRB:Mark Ford: No One Else Can Take a Bath for Youhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v10/n07/mark-ford/no-one-else-can-take-a-bath-for-youKarl Miller: Some Names for Robert Lowellhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v05/n09/karl-miller/some-names-for-robert-lowellNicholas Everett: Two Americas and a Scotlandhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v12/n18/nicholas-everett/two-americas-and-a-scotlandHelen Vendler: The Numinous Moosehttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v15/n05/helen-vendler/the-numinous-mooseGet the books: https://lrb.me/crbooklistNext episode: Self-elegies by Hardy, Larkin and Plath. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass are strange books, a testament to their author’s defiant unconventionality. Through them, Lewis Carroll transformed popular culture, our everyday idioms and our ideas of childhood and the fantastic, and they remain enormously popular.Anna Della Subin joins Marina Warner to explore the many puzzles of the Alice books. They discuss the way Carroll illuminates other questions raised in this series: of dream states, the nature of consciousness, the transformative power of language and the arbitrariness of authority.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrffIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingsffFurther reading in the LRB:Marina Warner: You Must Not Askhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v18/n01/marina-warner/you-must-not-askDinah Birch: Never Seen A Violethttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v23/n17/dinah-birch/never-seen-a-violetMarina Warner: Doubly Damnedhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v29/n03/marina-warner/doubly-damnedGet the books: https://lrb.me/crbooklistNext episode: The stories of Franz Kafka, with Adam Thirlwell.Marina Warner is a writer of history, fiction and criticism whose many books include Stranger Magic, Forms of Enchantment and Once Upon a Time: A Short History of Fairy Tale. She was awarded the Holberg Prize in 2015 and is a contributing editor at the LRB.Anna Della Subin’s study of men who unwittingly became deities, Accidental Gods, was published in 2022. She has been writing for the LRB since 2014. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Mill’s 'Autobiography' was considered too shocking to publish while he was alive. Behind his musings on many of the philosophical and political preoccupations of his time lie the confessions of a deeply repressed man who knows that he’s deeply repressed, coming to terms with the uncompromising educational experiment his father subjected him to as a child – described by Isaiah Berlin as ‘an appalling success’. In this episode Jonathan and James discuss Mill’s startlingly honest account of this experience and the breakdown that ensued in his 20s, and the boldness of his life and thought from his views on socialism and the rights of women to his unwavering devotion to his wife, Harriet Taylor, the co-author of 'On Liberty' and other works.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrcipIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingscipFurther reading in the LRB:Sissela Bok on Mill's 'Autobiography':https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v06/n06/sissela-bok/his-father-s-childrenAlasdair MacIntyre: Mill's Forgotten Victoryhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v02/n20/alasdair-macintyre/john-stuart-mill-s-forgotten-victoryPanbkaj Mishra: Bland Fanaticshttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v37/n23/pankaj-mishra/bland-fanaticsNext EpisodeF.H. Bradley's 'My Station and Its Duties' can be found online here:https://archive.org/details/ethicalstudies0000brad/page/160/mode/2up Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

When Wuthering Heights was published in December 1847, many readers didn’t know what to make of it: one reviewer called it ‘a compound of vulgar depravity and unnatural horrors’. In this episode of ‘Novel Approaches’, Patricia Lockwood and David Trotter join Thomas Jones to explore Emily Brontë’s ‘completely amoral’ novel. As well as questions of Heathcliff’s mysterious origins and ‘obscene’ wealth, of Cathy’s ghost, bad weather, gnarled trees, even gnarlier characters and savage dogs, they discuss the book’s intricate structure, Brontë’s inventive use of language and the extraordinary hold that her story continues to exert over the imaginations of readers and non-readers alike.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrnaIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingsnaRead more in the LRB:David Trotter: Heathcliff Redoundinghttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v46/n09/david-trotter/heathcliff-redoundingJohn Bayley: Kitchen Devilhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v12/n24/john-bayley/kitchen-devilAlice Spawls: If It Weren’t for Charlottehttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v39/n22/alice-spawls/if-it-weren-t-for-charlottePatricia Lockwood: What a Bear Wantshttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v43/n16/patricia-lockwood/pull-off-my-headGet the books: https://lrb.me/crbooklist Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Situated on the cusp of the Romantic era, Thomas Gray’s work is a mixture of impersonal Augustan abstraction and intense subjectivity. ‘Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard’ is one of the most famous poems in the English language, and continues to exert its influence on contemporary poetry. Mark and Seamus explore three of Gray’s elegiac poems and their peculiar emotional power. They discuss Gray’s ambiguous sexuality, his procrastination and class anxieties, and where his humour shines through – as in his elegy for Horace Walpole’s cat.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrldIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingsldFurther reading in the LRB:John Mullan: Unpranked Lyrehttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v23/n24/john-mullan/unpranked-lyreTony Harrison: ‘V.’https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v07/n01/tony-harrison/vGet the books: https://lrb.me/crbooklistRead the texts online:https://www.thomasgray.org/texts/poems/sorwhttps://www.thomasgray.org/texts/poems/elcchttps://www.thomasgray.org/texts/poems/odfcNext episode: Mid-20th century elegies: Berryman, Lowell, Bishop Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

In a captivating discussion, writer and scholar Anna Della Subin, author of 'Accidental Gods', explores Italo Calvino’s 'Invisible Cities'. The conversation dives into the poetic structure, revealing how Marco Polo's fantastical narratives blur reality and imagination. They tackle themes of memory, urban life, and anti-fascist politics, illustrating Calvino's belief in the fantastic as a mode of truth-telling. The intriguing parallels with Kafka’s ideas showcase how storytelling can illuminate hope amid despair.

Circular reasoning is normally condemned by philosophers, but in his 1841 essay ‘Circles’, Emerson proposes that not getting anywhere is precisely what we need to do to find out where we already are. In this episode, Jonathan and James consider Emerson’s use of the circle to demonstrate an idealistic philosophy rooted in the natural world, in which individuals are bounded by self-created horizons, and the extent to which this fits with Transcendentalist notions of progress and independence. They also discuss what his other essays, including ‘Self-Reliance’, ‘Art’ and ‘Nature’, have to say about the importance of thinking one’s own thoughts, and why Emerson had such a powerful influence on writers as varied as Nietzsche, Saul Bellow and Louisa May Alcott.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrcipIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingscipRead 'Circles' here:https://emersoncentral.com/texts/essays-first-series/circles/Read more in the LRB:Tony Tanner on the life of Emerson:https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v17/n10/tony-tanner/arctic-habitsColin Burrow on the American canon:https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v41/n22/colin-burrow/the-magic-bloomschtickNext episode: John Stuart Mill's Autobiography Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Thomas Love Peacock didn’t want to write novels, at least not in the form they had taken in the first half of the 19th century. In Crotchet Castle he rejects the expectation that novelists should reveal the interiority of their characters, instead favouring the testing of opinions and ideas. His ‘novel of talk’, published in 1831, appears largely like a playscript in which disparate characters assemble for a house party next to the Thames before heading up the river to Wales. Their debates cover, among other things, the Captain Swing riots of 1830, the mass dissemination of knowledge, the emerging philosophy of utilitarianism and the relative merits of medieval and contemporary values. In this episode Clare is joined by Freya Johnston and Thomas Keymer to discuss where the book came from and its use of ‘sociable argument’ to offer up-to-date commentary on the economic and political turmoil of its time.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrnaIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingsnaRead more in the LRB:Thomas Keymer on Peacockhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v40/n03/thomas-keymer/bring-some-madeiraPaul Foot: The not-so-great Reform Acthttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v26/n09/paul-foot/shoy-hoys Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

This episode looks at four poems whose subject would seem to lie beyond words: the death of a child. A defining feature of elegy is the struggle between poetic eloquence and inarticulate grief, and in these works by Ben Jonson, Anne Bradstreet, Geoffrey Hill and Elizabeth Bishop we find that tension at its most acute. Mark and Seamus consider the way each poem deals with the traditional demand of the elegy for consolation, and what happens when the form and language of love poetry subverts elegiac conventions.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrldIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingsldRead the poems here:Ben Jonson: On My First Sonhttps://lrb.me/jonsoncrldAnne Bradstreet:In Memory of My Dear Grandchild Elizabeth Bradstreethttps://lrb.me/bradstreetcrldGeoffrey Hill: September Songhttps://lrb.me/hillcrldElizabeth Bishop: First Death in Nova Scotiahttps://lrb.me/bishopcrldRead more in the LRB:Blair Worden on Ben Jonsonhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v34/n19/blair-worden/the-tribe-of-benBlair Worden on puritanismhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v34/n19/blair-worden/the-tribe-of-benColin Burrow in Geoffrey Hill:https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v36/n04/colin-burrow/rancorous-old-sodHelen Vendler on Elizabeth Bishophttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v15/n05/helen-vendler/the-numinous-mooseNext episode:Two elegies by Thomas Gray:https://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44299/elegy-written-in-a-country-churchyardhttps://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems/44302/ode-on-the-death-of-a-favourite-cat-drowned-in-a-tub-of-goldfishes Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.

Jonathan Swift’s 1726 tale of Houyhnhnms, Yahoos, Lilliputians and Struldbruggs is normally seen as a satire. But what if it’s read as fantasy, and all its contradictions, inversions and reversals as an echo of the traditional starting point of Arabic fairytale: ‘It was and it was not’? In this episode Marina and Anna Della discuss Gulliver’s Travels as a text in which empiricism and imagination are tightly woven, where fantastical realms are created to give different perspectives on reality and both writer and reader are liberated from having to decide what to think.Non-subscribers will only hear an extract from this episode. To listen to the full episode, and all our other Close Readings series, subscribe:Directly in Apple Podcasts: https://lrb.me/applecrffIn other podcast apps: https://lrb.me/closereadingsffFurther reading in the LRB:Terry Eagleton:https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v23/n16/terry-eagleton/a-spot-of-firm-governmentClare Bucknell: Oven-Ready Childrenhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v39/n02/clare-bucknell/oven-ready-childrenThomas Keymer: Carry Up your Coffee Boldlyhttps://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v36/n08/thomas-keymer/carry-up-your-coffee-boldlyNext episode: Marco Polo’s Il Milione and Italo Calvino’s Invisible Cities.Marina Warner is a writer of history, fiction and criticism whose many books include Stranger Magic, Forms of Enchantment and Once Upon a Time: A Short History of Fairy Tale. She was awarded the Holberg Prize in 2015 and is a contributing editor at the LRB.Anna Della Subin’s study of men who unwittingly became deities, Accidental Gods, was published in 2022. She has been writing for the LRB since 2014. Hosted on Acast. See acast.com/privacy for more information.