Understanding the Shift from Pre-Modern to Modern Philosophy

The transition from pre-modern to modern philosophy signifies a profound shift in metaphysical and epistemological frameworks. Pre-modern philosophy was deeply rooted in religious thought, often viewing reality through the lens of a dualistic metaphysical framework that prioritized a higher, spiritual world over the material one. The Enlightenment heralded a dramatic change, promoting a naturalistic view of the world that emphasized empirical observation and rational thought as the basis for knowledge. Key historical figures like Copernicus and Luther catalyzed this shift, leading to a more secular understanding of human nature and reality, enabling thinkers to explore the world independently of divine interpretation.