Episode 59: The End(s) of Monotheism W/ David Burnett
May 20, 2024
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Academic David Burnett discusses challenging the idea of ancient southwest Asia monotheism at Brown University conference. They explore the evolution of monotheism, translation challenges, and the concept of hypostasis in Christological debates. The podcast delves into the complexities of defining monotheism in ancient contexts and reevaluating traditional views on deity identities.
Ancient monotheism may not have been as clear-cut as believed, challenging traditional perceptions of religious history.
Monotheism functioned as a tool for early Christians to assert superiority and distinctiveness in response to external influences.
Monotheism has been manipulated throughout history to serve political, ideological, and cultural agendas, shaping religious identities.
Deep dives
Monotheism in Ancient Times
Scholars from a podcast discuss the concept of monotheism in ancient times, exploring the idea that monotheism was not a revolutionary departure from polytheism but rather an incremental elaboration on existing beliefs, challenging the notion of a definitive monotheistic threshold in history.
Rethinking Monotheism in Literature
The discussion highlights how monotheism has been used as a competitive strategy in early Christian literature, with figures like Athanagoras emphasizing monotheism to manufacture Christian exceptionalism and distinguish themselves in response to imperialism and philosophical trends of the time.
History of Monotheism in German Scholarship
The group delves into the history of monotheism in 18th and 19th-century German scholarship, revealing how the concept was utilized to assert superiority and create a teleological narrative of human evolution, merging philosophical ideals with claims of divine revelation and exceptionalism.
Divine Multiplicity in Midrashic Literature
A detailed examination of late antique midrashic literature by Josiah Bizby sheds light on the divine council, divine multiplicity, and gradations of divinity, challenging conventional monotheistic interpretations and exploring the complexities of divine beings in rabbinic texts.
Modern Scholarship and Monotheism
The conversation extends to the current state of scholarship, where monotheism is being reevaluated in light of historical contexts, competing religious traditions, and the implications of monotheistic claims in cultural and academic discourses, prompting a critical reexamination of theological exceptionalism and the construction of monotheistic identities.
They said they were going to do it, and doggonit, it got did! This week David Burnett makes his triumphal return to Data Over Dogma to discuss the recent academic conference on monotheism that he, Dan McClellan and others organized at Brown University. And if that sounds boring or dry to you, hold onto your butt, because—fire in the hole!—they were dropping bombs!
The whole goal of this conference was to challenge any notion that the people of ancient southwest Asia (meaning the people who wrote the Bible) were monotheists in any meaningful way. Christian and Jewish people today may only believe in a single God, but the same probably couldn't be said for the people who wrote their scriptures.
David and Dan will report on papers from some heavy-hitter scholars that discuss this incendiary topic, and honestly they might just blow your mind. Unless you're a regular Data Over Dogma listener. Then, they might just be super interesting.
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