How the Cultural Instincts That Divide Us Can Help Bring Us Together
Dec 5, 2024
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Michael Morris, a cultural psychologist at Columbia University and author of "Tribal," explores the dual nature of tribalism. He discusses how our innate tribal instincts can actually foster cooperation, creating stronger teams and communities. Morris delves into the evolution of cultural identities and their impact in workplaces, highlighting how understanding these dynamics can enhance creativity and teamwork. He also addresses the role of cultural instincts in politics, advocating for awareness to combat divisive partisan biases.
Tribal instincts, such as conformity and nostalgia, are essential in shaping human behavior and fostering community collaboration.
Cultural identities adapt over time, and highlighting common cultural symbols can enhance cooperation and reduce political divisiveness.
Deep dives
The Role of Tribalism in Human Evolution
Tribal instincts were crucial in shaping human evolution and community cooperation, serving as intrinsic features of our psychology rather than flaws. These instincts, which include conformity, status-seeking, and nostalgia, facilitated the formation of larger groups by enabling trust among strangers who shared common rituals and ideals. Behavioral scientists have moved past the debate of nature versus nurture, recognizing that the interactions within nurturing communities significantly influence human behavior. This historical perspective highlights the importance of tribal instincts in fostering collaborative societies and may challenge long-held assumptions about early human social structures.
Three Fundamental Tribal Instincts
Three key tribal instincts—peer, hero, and ancestor—continue to shape human behavior and community dynamics today. The peer instinct drives individuals to conform to their social groups, facilitating cooperation and the sharing of knowledge. The hero instinct motivates people to emulate admired figures within their communities, impacting cultural trends and organizational effectiveness. Lastly, the ancestor instinct fuels a desire to maintain traditions and learn from past generations, which can create both a sense of continuity and, paradoxically, moral absolutism that may lead to divisive actions.
Managing Cultural Dynamics and Political Polarization
Cultural identities are not static; they adapt and change based on situational cues, allowing for a variety of group dynamics within different contexts. The podcast discusses how triggering specific cultural symbols and ceremonies can evoke collective cultural strengths, enhancing cooperation among groups. Furthermore, it highlights that political tribalism often stems from an innate desire for in-group conformity rather than outright hostility toward outsiders. By acknowledging the role of the peer instinct in political divisiveness, strategies can be developed to mitigate its influence and encourage more constructive dialogue across partisan divides.