Three Instincts Of Tribalism and Office Culture | Michael Morris
Dec 2, 2024
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Michael Morris, a cultural psychologist and professor at Columbia University, delves into the intriguing concept of tribalism. He discusses its evolutionary roots, detailing the three hardwired instincts—peer, hero, and ancestor—that shape our social dynamics. The conversation explores how human mimicry influences office culture and highlights the balance between individualism and collectivism in diverse communities. Morris also reveals how tribalism can both unite people for noble causes and create societal divisions, emphasizing its relevance in today's world.
Tribalism fosters solidarity and cultural evolution, proving essential for community building despite common misconceptions about its aggressive nature.
The social brain hypothesis highlights our evolutionary development rooted in social interactions, emphasizing the importance of collaboration for success.
Human social dynamics are shaped by three instincts: peer, hero, and ancestor, which drive cooperation, sacrifice, and cultural continuity.
Deep dives
The Nature of Tribalism
Tribalism is primarily a mechanism for fostering solidarity rather than hostility among groups. Unlike common perceptions that associate tribalism with aggressive in-group versus out-group dynamics, it plays a crucial role in community building and cultural evolution. This perspective emphasizes that our evolutionary advantages stem from our ability to form cohesive societies through shared knowledge and collective efforts. By recognizing tribalism's positive aspects, such as trust and collaboration, individuals can better navigate societal conflicts that arise from misunderstandings of these instincts.
The Social Brain Hypothesis
The social brain hypothesis posits that human beings evolved larger brains not solely for environmental mastery but specifically for social interaction and community living. Research suggests that the capacity for complex social structures has been a significant driving force behind human development. This foundational aspect of our nature allows humans to thrive in various social environments by fostering emotional and strategic intelligence. By understanding the importance of social cognition, individuals can appreciate how collaboration enhances personal and collective success.
Three Instincts of Tribal Psychology
Humans are guided by three fundamental instincts: the peer instinct, the hero instinct, and the ancestor instinct, shaping our social interactions and cultural advancements. The peer instinct encourages imitation and cooperation, which facilitates group cohesion and innovation, while the hero instinct drives individuals to make sacrifices for the good of the community. The ancestor instinct instills a sense of continuity by valuing traditions and collective memory, crucial for building a cohesive cultural identity. These instincts collectively contribute to what is known as cumulative cultural evolution, where knowledge and practices are passed down and built upon across generations.
Grassroots Movements and Change
Grassroots movements highlight the power of collective action, demonstrating how small groups can spark significant social change over time. Successful movements often start with individuals who passionately engage their communities, amplifying commitment through personal connections and shared goals. This approach contrasts with top-down initiatives that may lack genuine community support or understanding. By nurturing belonging and reinforcing group identity, grassroots efforts can challenge existing norms and foster inclusive, lasting change in society.
Navigating Cultural Differences
Understanding cultural differences is crucial in a diverse society, as it reveals how varied perspectives can influence interpretations of events and relationships. By examining case studies where cultural context alters perceptions, such as viewing a group of fish either leading or chasing, we can appreciate the impact of ingrained societal values. Enhanced cultural awareness encourages empathy and helps mitigate the biases that can arise from monocultural experiences. This recognition fosters better communication and collaboration among individuals from different backgrounds, allowing for a richer exchange of ideas.
In today's episode, we talk about the value of tribalism with Michael Morris, the Chavkin-Chang Professor of Leadership at Columbia Business School and a Professor of Psychology at Columbia University. A renowned expert in leadership, negotiation, and cultural psychology, he has published over 200 articles in leading journals and recently released his book Tribal, exploring how leaders can harness shared cultural identities to unite and mobilize teams.
Join us for a thought-provoking conversation about the profound role of tribalism in shaping civilization and fostering healthy societies. Why is tribalism more than just a relic of the past? How does the social brain hypothesis explain our innate drive to connect and form groups? Michael Morris sheds light on how human mimicry sets us apart from other species, why tribalism has become such a heated topic, and how it can create vastly different perceptions of reality among people we interact with daily. Discover how politicians leverage tribalism to gain influence, when it becomes toxic to society, and the best ways to navigate relationships in a world divided by differing values.
What to Listen For
Introduction – 00:00:00
Why is tribalism a blessing to civilization and a healthy society?
What is the social brain hypothesis and how does it impact you tribally?
The Hardwiring of Tribalism in Your Brain – 00:12:44
What are the 3 instincts that are hardwired into your brain?
How does tribalism protect you, your family, your culture, and nation?
How does mimicry set humans apart from other animals that also exhibit mimicry?
The Big Deal of Tribalism – 00:23:46
Why and when did tribalism become a controversial topic?
Why do certain tribes have such different values?
How Tribalism Shapes Your Worldview – 00:30:17
How can tribalism create a completely different perception of reality from people you interact with everyday?
What factors influence the development or destruction of a tribe?
Tribalism, Politics, and Grass Roots Movements – 00:41:34
How do politicians leverage tribalism to gain popularity and influence?
At what point does tribalism become toxic to a society and what’s the best way to handle it when you know people in other tribes?