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Gene therapy targeting myostatin inhibition involves the introduction of a vector that activates the gene for folistatin, a protein that restrains myostatin, potentially leading to increased muscle growth. Myostatin plays a significant role in regulating muscle mass, and studies have shown that myostatin knockout mice exhibit a striking double muscle phenotype. Researchers discuss an emerging gene therapy treatment priced at $25,000 per shot, which aims to enhance folistatin levels and theoretically reduce myostatin's effects in humans. However, while animal studies suggest promise, the clinical results in humans remain uncertain, leading to questions about the efficacy and realism of such treatments in achieving substantial muscle gain.