June Tangney, PhD from George Mason University discusses the difference between shame and guilt, their impact on mental health, and techniques to manage and reduce them. The podcast explores disparities between guilt and shame based on sex and age, the complexity of studying shame and guilt, and their role in behavior change and treatment of substance abuse disorders.
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Quick takeaways
Shame is feeling bad about oneself and is more strongly associated with psychological and behavioral problems.
Guilt focuses on behavior itself and motivates individuals to take responsibility, confess, apologize, and make amends.
Deep dives
The Difference Between Shame and Guilt
Shame and guilt are two distinct emotions that manifest differently and affect individuals in different ways. Shame is feeling bad about oneself, believing that one is fundamentally flawed as a person due to a specific action. Guilt, on the other hand, focuses on the behavior itself and the feeling of wrongdoing. Guilt can be experienced by even good people who have done something wrong.
The Impact of Shame and Guilt on Mental Health
Shame, rather than guilt, is more strongly associated with various psychological and behavioral problems. People who are prone to feeling ashamed about themselves due to failures or transgressions are more susceptible to a range of mental health disorders, including anxiety, depression, aggression, and ineffective anger management. However, being shame-prone does not condemn one to a life of misery, as resilience and effective management techniques can help individuals cope and overcome these challenges.
Shame, Guilt, and Personal Development
Shame and guilt have different effects on personal development and growth. When people feel shame, they often become defensive, deny responsibility, and resist change. Shame focuses on the self and can lead to blame and anger towards others. In contrast, guilt about specific behaviors motivates individuals to take responsibility, confess, apologize, and make amends. Guilt is easier to change than the self, prompting individuals to focus on behavior modification rather than protecting a negative self-image.
People often use the words “guilt” and “shame” interchangeably, but the two emotions affect us in different ways. June Tangney, PhD, of George Mason University, talks about the difference between shame and guilt, what role these emotions play in our mental health and how they affect our behavior, why some people are especially prone to shame or guilt, and what you can do when guilt or shame is harming your mental health – especially when you feel guilty over something that isn’t your fault or that you cannot change. For transcripts, links and more information, please visit the Speaking of Psychology Homepage.