Why We Die—And How We Can Live Longer, with Nobel Laureate Venki Ramakrishnan
Apr 18, 2024
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Nobel Laureate Venki Ramakrishnan discusses aging, immortality, and the $30 billion longevity industry. Topics include DNA damage, telomeres, caloric restriction, stem cell reprogramming, and ethical considerations in anti-aging advancements.
Understanding DNA damage and repair responses is crucial in unraveling the mystery of aging.
Cellular reprogramming offers potential in rejuvenating stem cells for tissue regeneration and longevity.
Deep dives
Understanding Aging and Longevity Research
Aging has long been a mystery, with lifespans varying widely across species. The reasons behind aging involve a complex interplay of multiple factors, including DNA damage and repair responses. Environmental factors and natural processes constantly affect our DNA, leading to changes and errors in protein production over time. Researchers are exploring DNA methylation as a potential indicator of aging and investigating how reversing methylation patterns could affect the aging process.
Unlocking the Potential of Stem Cells in Anti-Aging Research
Stem cells play a vital role in tissue regeneration, but as we age, our stem cells also age and decline in quality and quantity. Cellular reprogramming holds the promise of rejuvenating stem cells by reversing their developmental process to promote tissue regeneration. This method involves introducing factors that can turn back adult cells to a stem cell state. Despite its potential, challenges such as cancer risks and complexities in the reprogramming process need to be carefully addressed.
Exploring Caloric Restriction and Drug Interventions in Aging
Caloric restriction, a proven method to extend lifespan in many species, influences key biochemical pathways related to aging. By reducing protein production and enhancing cellular renewal pathways, caloric restriction impacts essential processes for healthy aging. Drugs like rapamycin, which inhibit specific pathways influenced by caloric restriction, have shown promise in enhancing health and lifespan in animal studies. However, caution is advised due to potential side effects and the need for further clinical trials to validate efficacy in humans.
They’re perhaps the oldest questions in the science: Why do we die? And could we find a way to live forever? But for decades, anti-aging research was a “backwater” of the scientific community, consider too fanciful and unrealistic. That is until the last few years. Modern advances in biology have taught us a lot about how we age and why we die—could that knowledge help us turn back the clock?
In his new book, “Why We Die: The New Science of Ageing and the Quest for Immortality”, Nobel Prize-winning scientist Venki Ramakrishnan delves into the latest science of aging and investigates the nearly $30 billion dollar longevity industry to separate fact from fiction in our modern quest for immortality.