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How Animals Smell Underwater
- Many aquatic animals 'smell' by sampling water chemicals rather than using airborne olfaction like humans.
- Sharks, star-nosed moles and flatworms use specialized nasal or head structures to detect dissolved chemicals underwater.
Plastic Syringe Smell After IV Flush
- Hank recounted patients smelling a 'sweet' odor after saline IV flushes from plastic syringes.
- He explained volatiles leach from plastic into saline and evaporate in lungs, producing the odor.
Dinosaurs Likely Had Back Pain
- Dinosaurs show fossil evidence of spinal conditions like spondyloarthritis and intervertebral discs.
- These pathologies imply dinosaurs likely experienced back pain, though prevalence differs from humans.