Most Amazing Science Stories of 2024 | Live at the Science Museum
Dec 20, 2024
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Catherine de Lange, Editor of New Scientist, is joined by Sam Wong and Madeleine Cuff, both key players in science journalism. They explore mind-boggling scientific discoveries, like the finding of preserved brains and metallic nodules on the ocean floor acting as geobatteries. They dive into cosmic questions regarding alien life and celebrate unique cultural highlights from the year. Listeners are treated to a fun quiz on food and animal behavior while enjoying quirky facts, such as the world's largest coral reef and antifungal hospitals for frogs.
Research on preserved brains could unveil new insights into aging and neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting preservation may be more frequent than expected.
The discovery of metallic nodules on the ocean floor as sources of oxygen challenges our understanding of deep-sea ecosystems and mining impact.
Deep dives
The Mystery of Preserved Brains
Research reveals that after death, while most soft tissues decompose, some brains can remain intact under certain conditions. A study analyzed over 4,000 cases of preserved brains, identifying instances where the brain survived while all other tissue had decomposed, leading scientists to hypothesize potential mechanisms for this preservation. For instance, findings indicated that elements like iron might create stable molecular structures that resist decomposition, drawing parallels with neurodegenerative diseases like dementia. Understanding this could provide insights into aging and brain health, suggesting that preserved brains may be more common than previously thought, pending further exploration.
The Rise of Weight Loss Drugs
The introduction and increasing popularity of weight loss drugs, originally developed for diabetes management, have dramatically shifted public awareness this year. Reports indicate that approximately 25,000 individuals in the U.S. begin using these medications weekly, prompting discussions about their broader therapeutic potential beyond weight loss and diabetes. Notably, these drugs have shown effectiveness in various conditions, including depression, addiction, and even Alzheimer’s disease, raising intriguing questions about their long-term implications for health. This surge in usage has sparked conversation about the ethics of such medications and their impact on behaviors related to exercise and cravings.
Coral Reefs and Oxygen Production
An impressive discovery was made regarding metallic nodules found on the seafloor, identified as sources of oxygen for deep-sea ecosystems. This finding emerged from research conducted in the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, where scientists observed unexpected oxygen levels around these nodules despite the absence of photosynthetic life in that environment. The hypothesis suggests that these metallic nodules may function like geobatteries, facilitating chemical processes that generate oxygen. This revelation complicates the conversation around deep-sea mining, suggesting that harvesting these nodules could disrupt vital ecological processes.
Technosignatures and Dyson Spheres
An intriguing astronomical study reported unusual infrared energy signatures from distant stars, sparking speculation about the presence of advanced extraterrestrial civilizations. The phenomenon could be attributed to natural processes like dust obscuring stars, but one hypothesis posits that these signatures may indicate Dyson spheres – megastructures built around stars to harvest energy. This concept challenges existing notions regarding the likelihood of advanced life elsewhere in the universe, suggesting that if such structures exist, there may be more civilizations than previously thought. Such findings offer not only a glimpse into the potential for life beyond Earth but also raise profound questions about humanity's future and technological aspirations.
In this special episode recorded live at the Science Museum in London, we celebrate some of the best, most awe-inspiring science stories of 2024.
Round one kicks off with the panelist’s stories of the year, including the discovery that thousand-year-old preserved brains are much easier to find than we realised, that metallic nodules found on the sea floor could be acting as “geobatteries”, creating oxygen in the deep sea, plus a surprising finding involving Dyson Spheres that may hint at the existence of advanced alien life.
In round two the panelists discuss their cultural highlights of the year. On the line up is an installation in London called ‘Breathing with the Forest’, a time-travel novel called ‘The Other Valley’, the stage show reimagining of ‘Dr Stangelove’ and an absurdist comedy about climate diplomacy called ‘Rumours’.
Round three is a quiz for the audience asking questions like, do warm drinks taste more alcoholic than cold ones? What animal can be added to milk to initiate the yoghurt-making fermentation process? And which animal can survive with almost no sleep?
And round four celebrates stories that will make you say “Wow!”, plus a moment of good cheer. These include flowers that can sequester nickel and be turned into metal, how brains and other body parts can be brought back from the dead, the discovery of the world’s largest coral reef and the invention of a hospital for fungal-infected frogs.
On the panel are Rowan Hooper, Catherine de Lange, Sam Wong and Madeleine Cuff.