Disease and the Problem of Evil | Prof. Stephen C. Meredith
Mar 5, 2025
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In this thought-provoking discussion, Professor Stephen C. Meredith, a renowned expert from the University of Chicago, delves into the philosophical complexities surrounding disease and the problem of evil. He examines historical perspectives from Aquinas and Leibniz, connecting them to modern issues like genetics and evolution. The talk covers poignant topics such as the moral implications of suffering, the interplay between cancer and original sin, and the urgent need for compassion towards the vulnerable. Meredith's insights blend science, philosophy, and ethics in a compelling narrative.
Professor Meredith highlights the privative view of evil, asserting that it represents a lack of good rather than an independent existence.
The discussion integrates original sin with modern biology, prompting a reevaluation of moral responsibility concerning inherited diseases and human nature.
Deep dives
Anecdotes and the Problem of Evil
The discussion begins with poignant anecdotes that highlight the reality of suffering through the lens of disease, particularly focusing on sickle cell anemia and its impacts. It emphasizes how personal narratives, such as those from the experiences of a medical student and fictional representations by authors like Peter DeVries, can deepen our understanding of the problem of evil. This context sets the stage for exploring philosophical questions about the existence of evil in a world purportedly governed by an all-good, all-powerful God. The narrative illustrates how the lived experiences of individuals can provoke deeper inquiries into the nature of suffering and its philosophical implications.
The Privative View of Evil
A significant philosophical stance explored is the privative view of evil, which posits that evil is not a substance but rather a privation or absence of good. This perspective is rooted in the ideas of Augustine and Thomas Aquinas, who argued that something can only be corrupted if it was previously good, suggesting that evil cannot exist independently. The discussion examines how this view contrasts with more dualistic understandings of good and evil, which often create moral ambiguities. By asserting that evil exists only where good once was or should be, this theory offers a framework for understanding moral failings in the context of a created world rather than an inherent flaw in divine design.
Original Sin and Modern Biology
The podcast addresses the concept of original sin and its implications in light of contemporary biological understandings, raising questions about guilt, responsibility, and genetic inheritance. It contrasts traditional views of original sin, which suggest a direct transmission of guilt from Adam and Eve, with Aquinas's more nuanced interpretation, wherein original sin is viewed as a flawed disposition rather than an actionable sin. This discussion also intersects with modern biology, questioning how inherited conditions align with theological notions of sin and human nature. By examining how original sin may manifest in various human traits, it invites contemplation on the moral responsibilities we hold toward one another, especially in the wake of genetic predispositions to diseases.
The Role of Philosophy and Science in Understanding Good and Evil
The examination of philosophy, science, and their interrelations highlights tension between scientism, nihilism, and the pursuit of understanding good and evil. The critique of scientism focuses on its reductive nature, which attempts to explain moral constructs purely through biological or evolutionary lenses, raising questions about the essence of virtues such as fairness and justice. Additionally, the dialogue reflects on how philosophical frameworks can enhance or obscure our grasp of moral truths, suggesting that without a larger metaphysical foundation, the concepts of good and evil lack substance. Ultimately, it calls for a re-evaluation of how we approach these existential questions, emphasizing responsibility in treating the most vulnerable members of society.
Professor Stephen Meredith explores the problem of evil, particularly in the context of disease, examining philosophical and theological perspectives, including those of Aquinas, Leibniz, and Voltaire, while also considering biological factors like genetics and evolution.
This lecture was given on November 7th, 2024, at Indiana University.
For more information on upcoming events, visit us at thomisticinstitute.org/upcoming-events
About the Speaker:
Stephen Meredith is a professor at the University of Chicago’s Departments of Pathology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Neurology. He is also an associate faculty member in the University of Chicago Divinity School. He has published more than 100 journal articles, focusing on the biophysics of protein structure. Much of his work has been the application of solution and solid-state NMR to the study of amyloid proteins associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s Disease. He has also published articles on literature and philosophy in diverse aspects of medical humanities and bioethics. His teaching includes courses to graduate students in biochemistry and biophysics, medical students, and undergraduates and graduate students in the humanities, including courses on James Joyce’s Ulysses, St. Thomas Aquinas, Augustine, Dostoevsky (focusing on Brothers Karamazov), Thomas Mann and David Foster Wallace. He is currently working on a book examining disease and the theological problem of evil. Other current writing projects include a study of James Joyce and the problem of evil.
Keywords: Boethius, Disease, Evil, Leibniz, Original Sin, Problem of Evil, Sickle Cell Anemia, Theodicy, Thomas Aquinas, Voltaire
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