Alice Callahan, a nutrition and health reporter for The New York Times and expert on ultra-processed foods, dives into the startling rise of these foods in American diets. She discusses how ultra-processed foods now account for about 70% of what we consume and the historic shifts that made them so prevalent. Callahan highlights the alarming links between these foods and chronic health conditions, urging a reevaluation of dietary choices. The conversation also touches on societal perceptions and the need for better food policies to combat obesity.
The rise of ultraprocessed foods in America, now comprising about 70% of the food supply, significantly correlates with increasing obesity rates and health concerns.
Efforts to reform the marketing and consumption of ultraprocessed foods are gaining momentum, reflecting a growing recognition of their detrimental impact on public health.
Deep dives
The Rise of Ultra-Processed Foods
Ultra-processed foods have become a dominant part of the American diet, comprising about 70% of the food supply. These foods include items with lengthy ingredient lists, often made with substances that are not easily recognized or replicable at home, such as high fructose corn syrup and artificial additives. Their ascent coincided with increasing convenience and affordability, making them a popular choice for many consumers. As a result, this trend has contributed significantly to rising obesity rates, raising alarms among health professionals about their impact on public health.
Hyperpalatability and Addictive Qualities
Many ultra-processed foods are described as hyperpalatable, meaning they contain combinations of high fat, sugar, and salt that make them difficult to resist. This quality is particularly evident in products developed by companies that evolved from the tobacco industry, which utilized similar strategies to create addictive substances. Research shows that these hyperpalatable foods can lead to excessive calorie consumption, with studies revealing that individuals consumed 500 more calories a day when eating ultra-processed meals without realizing it. This raises concerns about how these engineered foods not only contribute to obesity but also may create patterns of unhealthy eating behavior.
Need for More Research and Regulation
Nutrition science has historically been underfunded, resulting in a slow understanding of the effects of ultra-processed foods on health. Despite this, there is a growing recognition among scientists and policymakers about the urgent need for research and potential regulatory actions. Some countries have started to implement measures such as labeling and limiting the marketing of these foods, particularly to children. The push for reforms in the U.S. is gaining traction, with a collective acknowledgment that addressing the prevalence of ultra-processed foods may play a crucial role in improving public health outcomes.
A new study has found that nearly three-quarters of American adults are now obese or overweight, and there’s growing concern — among politicians, scientists and consumers — about one potential culprit: ultraprocessed foods.
Guest: Alice Callahan, a nutrition and health reporter for The New York Times, discusses how these foods came to be such a big part of what we eat, and why that’s so hard to change.
Background reading:
There’s not enough evidence to recommend avoiding ultraprocessed foods, a scientific advisory committee says. Some experts disagree.
Name a common condition — heart disease, Type 2 diabetes, cancer, dementia, irritable bowel syndrome — and chances are good that a diet high in ultraprocessed foods has been linked to it.
For more information on today’s episode, visit nytimes.com/thedaily. Transcripts of each episode will be made available by the next workday.
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