In Our Time Rawls' Theory of Justice
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Feb 16, 2023 Fabienne Peter, a Professor of Philosophy, dives into John Rawls' transformative theory of justice, while Martin O’Neill sheds light on Rawls' background and philosophical influences. Jonathan Wolff evaluates Rawls' radical ideas on economic inequality and the 'justice as fairness' framework. The conversation also tackles the feasibility of Rawls' property-owning democracy and critiques associated with racial justice. They discuss how Rawlsian principles can guide public policy and the ongoing relevance of his insights in today’s democratic societies.
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Rawls' Childhood Tragedy
- John Rawls' childhood was marked by the tragic loss of two younger brothers due to infections caught from him.
- This instilled in him a sense of life's arbitrariness and the impact of factors beyond our control.
Utilitarianism's Blind Spot
- Utilitarianism, while principled, overlooks individual rights by prioritizing the greatest happiness for the greatest number.
- This can lead to unjust outcomes where one group suffers for the benefit of others.
Rawls' Social Contract Approach
- Rawls' theory of justice, influenced by social contract tradition, emphasizes principles all free and equal citizens could agree on.
- This contrasts with utilitarianism and revives the idea of a just social contract rooted in equal freedom.
