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Paris' Rapid Growth and Segregation
- Paris grew rapidly to nearly two million people by 1870, becoming the largest city in continental Europe.
- The poor were pushed to cramped peripheral neighborhoods, intensifying social tensions.
Parisian Labor Conditions and Poverty
- Most Parisian manufacturers were small, employing two or fewer workers, creating decentralized and drudgerous working conditions.
- Good wages still barely kept workers above poverty, with many vulnerable to unemployment and alcoholism.
Governmental Control Over Paris
- Napoleon III's government feared the politicized Parisian masses and avoided unifying the city politically.
- Central Paris was polished for elites while threats of unrest drove poor workers to the outskirts.