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Guilt as Price of Civilization
- Nietzsche argues that having a guilty conscience is the price of living in society with others. - Christian morality arose as revenge by the weak against their oppressive masters, causing endless self-loathing.
Early Career of Nietzsche
- Nietzsche was a precocious scholar who became a university chair in philology at 24. - His early academic career ended after his first major work was harshly criticized.
Lutheran Roots Influencing Nietzsche
- Nietzsche's Lutheran background influenced his focus on individual conscience and intellectual honesty. - He transitioned from religious faith to atheism, emphasizing the duty to question existence critically.