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Cell Division: The Balance of Life and Death
Human cells have a predetermined limit, known as the Hay Flick Limit, typically around 50 divisions, after which they should undergo apoptosis. Failure to do so can result in two adverse outcomes: cells may become immortal, leading to cancer, or they may enter a state of senescence. Senescent cells, referred to as 'zombie cells', do not die and instead produce inflammatory molecules, which can recruit additional cells and contribute to chronic inflammation. The innate immune system, particularly natural killer (NK) cells, plays a crucial role in identifying and eliminating these senescent cells. There is ongoing research into the potential benefits of supplementing NK cell populations to mitigate issues related to senescence and cancer.