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How to Measure Autophagy
Autophagy cannot be accurately measured as there is no definitive way to determine if autophagy is being stimulated too much or too little. Both resistance training and cardio exercise can increase autophagy, with the difference being the speed at which it occurs. The activation of the AMPK pathway, which promotes ketosis, fat oxidation, and autophagy, is determined by the depletion of liver glycogen. Fasting can deplete liver glycogen within 16 to 24 hours, while the timing of exercise depends on the duration and type of exercise, as well as the individual's glycogen status. Exercise accelerates the process of entering autophagy, but fasting can be sustained for longer periods. To promote autophagy, it is recommended to incorporate intermittent fasting of at least 14-16 hours per day and deplete liver glycogen, using exercise as an additional accelerator.