The Evolution of Cyber Warfare Through Lessons from Ukraine

The onset of nuclear weapons changed foreign policy in the 1950s, and cyber warfare is depicted as an effective short-of-war weapon. Ukraine served as a crucial laboratory during the cyber age, revealing the value and limitations of cyber attacks in full-scale war scenarios. Examples include a cyber attack on the Viasat network without physically entering space, malware targeting the Ukrainian government pre-war, and coordinated cyber and physical attacks during the conflict. These tactics mirror the coordinated use of air and ground power during World War II.