3.3- Resistance to Reform
Revolutions
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Enlightened Absolutism
- 18th-century European philosophes, including Voltaire, favored strong monarchies to enact reforms.
- This contrasts with American Enlightenment figures like Franklin, Jefferson, and Madison, who became republicans.
- European thinkers believed a powerful executive was essential for modernizing their kingdoms.
- This concept is called enlightened absolutism where a powerful monarch enacts reforms based on philosophies of the englightenment.
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