In Our Time cover image

The Theory of the Leisure Class

In Our Time

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Pecuniary Emulation and Social Status in American Culture

Pecuniary emulation, as described by Vable, signifies the transformation of America into a culture where everything, including people and possessions, is judged in monetary terms. Social ascendancy in this culture is achieved by replicating the spending patterns of social superiors, demonstrating the capacity to spend and maintaining visibility of payment. This phenomenon extends to fitting in with social reference groups and avoiding a fall in status by not keeping up with consumption patterns. The emphasis is on frivolous acts of consumption rather than making a material difference in people's lives, and the idea of moving up by replicating the consumption patterns of a higher income group is highlighted. The obsession with these free inequalities in American culture is deemed curious.

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