Exploring the Relationship Between Psychiatric Conditions and Cortisol Response in the Morning

Certain psychiatric conditions are associated with a blunted cortisol response in the morning, including PTSD, specific subtypes of depression, and disruptions like shift work that affect sleep. This blunted response correlates with several negative health outcomes, such as obesity, inflammation, and poorer self-rated health. While a decreased cortisol response may appear preferable, a normal morning cortisol peak is vital for health, typically occurring about 30 minutes after waking. Conversely, excessively high cortisol levels can cause early morning awakenings, particularly in cases of melancholic depression, where patients report heightened anxiety and difficulty sleeping. These patterns suggest a complex relationship between psychiatric conditions and the body's hormonal responses, highlighting the importance of managing cortisol levels for mental health.