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Thunderbolt 4 and USB 4 Specifications
Thunderbolt 4 is based on USB 4 and aligned with the Thunderbolt 3 specification, bundling in PCI Express tunneling support for up to 2 4k or a single 8k display output and hub capabilities on DisplayPort 2.0 devices. USB 4, on the other hand, is based on PCI Express and aligned with a Thunderbolt 4 specification, thereby bundling in Thunderbolt 3 tunneling support for up to 2 4k displays or a single 8k display output and DisplayPort 2.0 capabilities on hub devices. The confusion arises from the differences in the way the two specifications are described, causing a debate about their interrelationship and alignment.