The Unambitious Objective Morality of Peter Singer

Peter Singer proposes a less ambitious form of objective morality, likening it to rational axioms akin to mathematical truths. He asserts that objective truths exist in logic and mathematics independent of empirical verification, suggesting that similar rational axioms could underpin moral values. However, he emphasizes that even if objective rational axioms were to surface, they may not necessarily reflect values beneficial to human society. Singer identifies three axioms derived from Henry Sidgwick: firstly, the concept of temporal neutrality, which posits that no moment in time holds intrinsic superiority over another, urging individuals to consider the future's significance. Secondly, he introduces the notion of impartiality in ethics, where the rightness of an action remains unchanged regardless of those involved. Lastly, he asserts the equal weight of interests, claiming no individual’s interests hold greater importance than another’s. Singer acknowledges challenges in accepting these axioms amidst prevailing skepticism but encourages open-minded reflection on their rational validity. Unlike claims of access to objective morality that often stem from subjective experiences, these axioms strive for impartiality and universal applicability. While recognizing the need for further exploration in this domain, Singer presents these principles as foundational steps toward understanding objective morality.