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**The Role of Hormones in PCOS and Metabolic Dysfunction; vicious cycle **
PCOS is not just a testosterone problem. It also involves insulin, estrogen dominance, and cortisol. Elevated testosterone levels in PCOS are similar to low testosterone in men. Most people with PCOS have estrogen dominance and low progesterone levels due to irregular ovulation. Cortisol dysregulation and stress play a role in PCOS, triggering elevated blood glucose and insulin. While cortisol is beneficial in certain situations, chronic cortisol spikes should be avoided.