Tax Section Odyssey

In this episode Tony Nitti, CPA, Partner — National Tax, EY, joins April Walker, CPA, CGMA, Lead Manager — Tax Practice & Ethics, AICPA & CIMA, live from ENGAGE 2023 to discuss S corporations and Rev. Rul. 2008-18, delving into S corporation reorganizations. What you’ll learn in this episode Overview and applicability (1:56) Hypothetical example (3:14) Review of Rev. Proc. 2022-19 and fixes to prevent invalid S elections (8:58) The extra step when an S Corp owns 100% of a QSub (15:33) Relevant articles from The Tax Adviser (24:40) A page from Tony’s travel journal (24:56) Related resources Rev. Rul. 2008-18 — Postulates two situations in which an S corporation becomes a qualified subchapter S subsidiary (QSub) of a newly formed corporation that will qualify as an F reorganization. The ruling also provides new guidance on the proper employer identification number (EIN) to be used by the entities in each situation. Private equity and F reorganizations involving S corporations — The Tax Adviser, Sept. 1, 2020 6 reasons an S corporation wouldn’t need a PLR | Tax Section Odyssey —  Rev. Proc. 2022-19 provides procedures to allow S corporations and their shareholders to resolve frequently encountered issues without requesting a PLR. April Walker: Listen today to learn more about S corps and Revenue Ruling 2008-18 F-Reorgs with Tony Nitti. Hi everyone and welcome to this collaboration between the JOA podcast, and the AICPA's Tax Section Odyssey podcast. I'm April Walker, a Lead Manager from the Tax Section. On the AICPA's Tax Section Odyssey podcast, we offer thought leadership on all things tax facing the profession. Today I'm here with Tony Nitti. Tony is a partner at EY National Tax. He is a frequent guest of the show. I'm even more excited to be recording this today because we are recording together in person at the ENGAGE conference. I asked Tony what he thought was important to talk about today. He brought up the topic that he is hearing a lot about, a lot of confusion about, a lot of misunderstandings about and that is an F reorg structure used in acquiring an S corporation in Revenue Ruling 2008-18. First of all, for those who might be listening, who went like me, help, I need an overview of what you're even, talking about Tony. Talk to us about how this might apply, when it might apply if you have clients who either might be the acquirer or the target. What are we talking about here? Tony Nitti: First things first, yes, it's good to be back together. It's become a bit of an annual tradition. Walker: It has. Nitti: Then, just before I came in here, I was surprised to learn that there's a trivia question where I was the first guest on an AICPA Town Hall. Is that right? I had no idea. Everything from 2020-2022 is a blur. What we're going to talk about today, when we call it either these F reorg or 2008-18 transactions, it is the most popular way in the current climate for someone to acquire an S corporation. We know that private equity is getting involved with acquiring everything and so oftentimes it is private equity that wants to acquire an S corporation. Obviously if they were to go out and acquire shares directly, the S election is going to terminate, and then you've got a C corp on your hands, there's whole bunch of other things going on. This has become the go-to transaction, and we'll talk through it step-by-step from both the buyer and seller perspective. But the reason I thought it was worth talking about today is just because something in the tax law has become very popular, does not mean that it's necessarily well understood. We've experienced that thing before, where the more you stop and actually think about this stuff, the more you go, why are we doing these steps that we're doing, or why is it a transaction that we use and sometimes we just follow what everyone else is doing and don't really think about what are we accomplishing, what are we not accomplishing and other things. I just thought it would be fun to come in, talk for about 30 minutes or maybe less about what this transaction does? What it does’'t do? When we want to consider it? When we do’'t then, that whole thing? Walker: Sounds great. Nitti: Let's start with the hypothetical. It’s going to be the best way to explain all this. Let’s keep it simple. We've got private equity, setup as a partnership, and they would like to acquire the business operated by a current S corp. Here at AICPA ENGAGE, anybody that's here on the tax side, they've got S corp clients. A lot of times we will be the ones representing the seller. It's important to understand what this transaction holds for the seller, but there's also going to be plenty of times where we represent a client that wants to buy an S corporation, so we got to think about those buyer considerations as well. Let's just say we've got this private equity partnership that wants to buy this S corporation, 99 times out of 100, and this is something I'll talk about tomorrow in my M&A class, a buyer is going to want to buy assets. They're going to want to buy assets because they're going to want to get a stepped up basis in those assets for depreciation and amortization purposes. But sometimes the buyer can't buy assets. Because maybe those assets are not transferable, maybe for a particular business reason they need to acquire the legal interests in an entity, so that the EIN stays alive. You know how M&A works — like something's going to force your hand. From a buyer's perspective here it's how can I accomplish both of these things? How can I acquire the legal interests in this S corp target, but yet get this stepped up basis and the underlying assets? For years, the way we tried to accomplish that is by having the buyer and the selling shareholders of S corporation jointly make an election under 338(h)(10) or more recently 336(e). That election was a magic bullet, but only for the buyer, and I'll explain that. Like for the buyer, you make that election and for legal purposes, you're treated as buying the stock because that's what you bought. But for tax purposes, this fiction is created where the target S corporation is deemed to have sold all of its assets to a newly formed corporation owned by the buyer, and that gives them the step-up in basis and assets that they want. It's win-win for the buyer. It's not win-win for the seller. The seller is giving something away because had they simply sold stock and not made a 338(h)(10) election, they get straight capital gains rates. But by making this election, they have to live with the deemed consequences of the S corp selling its assets, which means some of that gain may be converted to ordinary income if they have cash basis receivables or inventory or whatever it may be. This really is more of a fix from a buyer perspective than anything else. Now, there's something in it for the seller in the sense that the buyer is going to have to pay them for that incremental tax cost. But that's where we looked for a buyer to be able to get this best of both worlds — a step-up in basis, but keep the legal entity alive. It was always 338(h)(10), always 336(e). But there are limitations to those two types of transactions. For example, you have to acquire 80% of the stock of an S corp to make an 338(h)(10) or 336(e) and so if private equity only wants 50% of this business, that's off the table. Another thing is let's say you're not going to buy all of it, but you are going to buy more than 80%. It's not like the 10% interest that the shareholders of the target retain is going to be tax-free. The way a 338(h)(10) or 336(e) election works is if private equity comes in and buys 90%, the other 10% is still treated as if they sold their interests as well. They still have to deal with the consequences of the asset gains. You can't have any tax-free deferrals, there are limited types of entities that can be a purchaser in a 338(h)(10), and so private equity as a partnership cannot do it. It would have to set up a corporation. You get the idea. There's a bunch of potential limitations there. But the biggest limiting factor and really what's caused this change in this transaction type is the fact that there are a limited type of targets in a 338(h)(10). One is a subsidiary in a consolidated group. One is a subsidiary in an affiliated group that could file a consolidated but doesn't and the other is an S corporation. What you don't hear in those three types of eligible targets is a standalone C corporation. What that means is if someone is looking to buy, an S corporation and make a 338(h)(10) election or 336(e) election, they have to be sure that [the] S election is valid. Because if it's not valid, that's not an S corp you're buying, it's a C corp. If you buy the stock [of] a C corp, it's a standalone C Corp and the 338(h)(10)or 336(e)election isn't valid either. You just spent 30, 40, 50 million on something anticipating a step-up in basis in assets and if it turns out that S election was invalid and you just bought C corp stock, you don't have that step-up in basis. There's this disconnect I feel some times where 90% of the tax industry thinks that if somebody says [they’re] an S corp, they're an S corp but there's not going to be any problems there. Then the other 20% works enough in due diligence or it's just been around long enough to realize that there's some real truth to this saying that permeates what I do, chairing sub S for EY, and it said in jest, but like I said, there's some truth. You show me an S corp, I'll show you an invalid S corp. If you do enough due diligence, there's going to be things that arise that make you say, I don't think this is valid or I'm worried that it's not. The point is the second a buyer who's looking to spend significant cash on a business realizes that there could be a skeleton in the closet for that S election, you don't want to go forward with an (h)(10) or 336(e) because the risk is to you as the buyer. The risk is that you lose all of that step-up. Walker: Does that tie back to our previous time we were together and ways to cure an S election? Nitti: It does. You’re referencing Rev Proc 2022-19, which gives us an avenue in some respects to fix some of these problems that would cause an S election from being valid. But practically speaking, when the numbers are big enough and a buyer is looking to acquire company, the second they get an inkling that something is wrong with that S election, even if you tell them it can be cured, they say, I want to pivot to something else to make sure I get what I came after. What I came after is the step up. That's where this transaction came into vogue. Because how else if we're not going to do an (h)(10), if we're not going to do a 336(e), how else for example, can private equity go out and acquire some or all of the business of an S corp while one, keeping the legal entity alive and retaining the EIN. Two, getting a step-up in basis of the assets. Three, getting to continue to operate this business in flow through form. Because that wasn't available via an (h)(10) or something like that because, it would become a corporation because it'd be owned by another corporation. Four, being able to offer potential tax-free rollover to some of the sellers. Like where else can you get all those things and not having to acquire 80%? It really was a wasteland of options until this Rev Ruling 2008-18, came around and said, okay, there is a path forward here now to accomplish all of these things. Most importantly, is to still get our step-up as the buyer, even if this S election is invalid. It's not a complicated transaction at all. The reason I thought it was worth talking about today is that it's amazing- I've talked to some people who've done dozens of these but it's almost just because it's a formula they follow and they don't actually understand what each step does, or maybe more importantly doesn't accomplish. It would work like this. You would say to the seller, hey, we've got concerns about your S selection being valid, so I’m not buying your stock because I'm the one that gets stuck holding the bag if I just bought a C corporation and not an S corporation. I paid you for the step-up and I didn't get the step-up. I want you as the seller to undergo this pre-transaction restructuring. It's all on the seller side and it's not complicated at all. Step one, the sellers, and let's just say you and I are 50/50 shareholders at this S corp. I always like using you in my example. You and I are sellers of this S corporation. We form a brand new holding Corporation and we transfer our 50/50 interests in what I'll refer to now as the target S corporation into this new corporation. Then we immediately elect to treat that target as a qualified subchapter S subsidiary or a QSub. When an election is made to treat a subsidiary of an S corp as a QSub, it's treated as having liquidated into its parent S corporation, and it's just disregarded from any separate existence. Now, what you didn't hear there, which you may be curious about is, I said we formed a new corporation, transferred an S corp into it, made it QSub election for it. I didn't say that new corporation was formed as an S corporation. You can be like, how are you making a QSub election when the parent is not yet an S? But what this Rev Rule 2008-18 tells us, it builds off earlier principles from Rev Rule 64-250 and says that the combination of those steps, the formation of a new corporation, transfer of an S corp to that corporation, and then immediate QSub election for that former S corp, it all combines into what we call a tax-free reorganization under Sec. 368(a)(1)(f). What that means is it's a big fat tax zero. Nothing happens. Because nothing happened, that newco that we set up is just considered to be a continuation of the target. The reason we didn't have to make an S election for it is because the S election of the target carried over to this newco. If you are certain that the S election of the target is valid, and if you are, we're probably not doing this whole thing. But if you were certain, it's funny you'll find that there's no requirement to file a new S election for the parent. Instead, when you make the QSub election on the 8869, there's actually a box that was added that says this QSub election is being made in accordance with a Rev Ruling 2008-18 transaction, and that just notifies the IRS that the S election of this company now carries over to the new company. If we stop right there, like we haven't really accomplished anything. We’ve got a new company, a newco that's an S corp that owns a disregarded entity as a QSub. Now, if you're worried that the S election was bad and usually you are, you would probably make a protective new 2553 filing for the newco. But what this does, and I just want to point this out now, is eventually this newco S corp is going to be selling this business, selling this disregarded entity. What this doesn't do with this transaction and this is where a lot of confusion comes in, it doesn't do anything to cure the bad S election. If we think about it, if the company had been bad and sold its assets as a C Corp, there would have been corporate level tax. Going through these steps doesn't change that at all. Because if we form a new S and transfer the stock of what was a bad S to that new S and make it QSub election for it, effectively what we've just done is liquidate a C corp into an S. Without getting too into the weeds here, when you do that, the S corp just inherits what we call the built-in gains taint of that sub under Sec. 1374. When it turns around two or three days later, like it's going to in this transaction, sells those assets, 1374 is going to kick in anyway and make the seller pay corporate level tax. It's not doing anything to avoid a corporate level tax for these sellers and I think people should definitely understand that this doesn't fix a bad S election. You and I talked at great length about how you could fix a bad S election. This does not accomplish that. Because a bad S being contributed to a new S and made a QSub election for it simply means you liquidated a C into an S and you inherit all that built-in gains exposure. If we stop there for a moment, we're left with a structure where the S corp owns 100% of a QSub, which is a disregarded entity. But these transactions are almost always going to have an extra step. That extra step is you're then going to take that QSub and convert it under state law, typically, from a corporate entity to a single-member LLC. Once again, you're just going from disregarded entity to disregarded entity. It's meaningless. It doesn't cause any tax consequences at all. People have asked, why that? What's the point there? The point there is if you screwed up something in steps one and two, so that your QSub election is not respected, we have the same problem we would have had originally when the buyer comes in is you're going to see in the next step and purchases the interests in the disregarded entity. If we think we're buying the stock of a QSub and it's not really a QSub, we just bought the stock of a C corp again. The only way to really purge that corporate past is to do this extra step and after we've made the QSub election, convert that QSub under state law into a single member LLC. Because now, when those steps are all complete, we have an S corporation holdco owning a single member LLC. Just to keep things simple, if private equity wants to come in and buy 100% of that single member LLC, they get the best of both worlds. Because legally they're buying the entity, so the EIN stays alive. But from a tax perspective, when you buy the 100% interests of a single member LLC, you're treated as purchasing each underlying asset of that LLC. They're going to get that step-up in basis. By flipping it from a QSub to a single member LLC, all you're really accomplishing is fully guaranteeing that even if everything else goes to hell, the buyer is going to get their step-up, which is what they're paying me to do, if you represent the buyer. There's just been a lot of confusion about these steps and what they can accomplish and the order in which they have to be done. Order in this stuff matters. We have a letter ruling 200542013 that says, okay, if we contribute the stock of this S corp to the new S corp and then the next day convert it to an LLC, but then a month later, retroactively file the QSub election to be effective on the day of contribution, that QSub election is actually invalid because at the time you filed it, even though it was going to be effective earlier, at the time you filed it, it wasn't a corporate entity anymore. You'd already switched it over to an LLC. There's just these little nuances like that that are a pain in the butt. Then one of the things we at the AICPA asked the IRS to consider is maybe we don't need the intermediate step of making the QSub election. Like why can't we just contribute the S corp to the newco and then immediately convert that Sub into an LLC. The only reason right now we go through that intermediate step of making the QSub election is because that's what Rev Rule 2008-18 says will allow you to retain the EIN. There's enough there that worries us that we want to make sure we get the consequences the IRS says we get so we follow it to every step letter of the law. It just creates confusion. Sometimes it appears unnecessary. What will happen is the buyer will come in, and let's just say for starters, they buy 100% of a single member LLC interest. As we said, they'll get a step up. From the newco S corp perspective we set up, they're treated as selling each underlying asset of the single-member LLC. Just like with an 338(h)(10) they will be treated as if they sold the assets. There might be a mix of ordinary income, capital gain, and they should get compensated for that. As I mentioned to you before, if the S election truly were bad, then that corporate level tax may still be levied on the sale because you might have built-in gains issues. It's not really a magic potion for the seller, it's more for the buyer. Now the nice thing for the seller though, is let's say private equity only wants to buy 80%. If private equity buys 80% of the single member LLC interests, then we have a deemed partnership formation under [IRS Revenue Ruling] 99-5 where private equity is treated as buying 80% of the assets. They get their step-up, they're happy, and then private equity contributes their 80% up to a new partnership and the S corp contributes to the remaining 20% tax-free. There's an option here for seller to get tax-free rollover equity that doesn't exist in your typical 338(h)(10) or 336(e). There is something in it potentially for the seller. Particularly like I said, if you're going to retain some rollover equity, but the buyer still gets their step up and everybody's happy. There's still some unanswered questions. I think one of the most interesting unanswered questions is okay, wait a minute, you're telling me we're doing all this because we have concerns the target was a C corp for the last few years? We know we might pay C corp level tax on the sale of the assets if the IRS comes knocking and finds out the S election was invalid, but what about the three open years where it should have been a C and instead it was an S, who is on the hook for that? There's really no wonderful answer because remember, the buyer in this situation, private equity has acquired that legal entity. That legal entity changed from an S corp to a Q sub to a single member LLC, but all along, it kept its own EIN. If the tax liability for those previous open years attaches to that EIN, there's no guarantee the buyer is not potentially on the hook for that. That can make for some interesting negotiations, because if there's significant exposure for those open years, the buyer is going to want to build that into any type of agreement that they make in terms of an indemnity or hold back or something to make sure that they're not going to get called upon by the IRS to pay tax for the open years. But what makes the debate fascinating as we went through this F reorg and in an F reorg we said that this new holdco S corporation is truly treated as a continuation of the oldest corporation. From a practical perspective, if you're the IRS and you want to collect tax from prior open years, why would you necessarily go to the buyer when there's still this historical entity alive with its historical shareholders, and you can say — you're the ones who pocketed all the cash from those years so we're going to come looking for you? But that's something that I have that conversation maybe five times a week with people that are negotiating deals. Who's on the hook here for any corporate level taxes that weren't paid? No one's certain. I would plan as if the buyer is because you got the EIN, you've got the legal entity. That's it, that's all there really is to it. That's how it unfolds. But you can see why it's so advantageous because you can still get the step-up for the buyer even when the S selection is bad. Whereas if you try to do that being 338(h)(10) or 336(e), you're dead in the water and you just spent, who knows, it could be $200 or $300 million that you spent on a company and you paid for that step-up and then you don't get it. But there's confusion that sticks around with all of this. You can imagine the tax return filings get pretty confusing because with an S corp going through and F reorg — when I say an F reorg is treated as a tax nothing in the continuation, it truly is. Even though you might form your newco midway through the year, it's treated as stepping in the shoes of oldco, so you still file a full year return; one return, and that return is going to show the activity of the target for the beginning part of the year, and then it's going to have the activity for holdco for the last half of the year, which will include the sale of the target. Then if you're not selling 100% of the target, but only say 80%, then you're still going to get a K-1 from a new partnership now for the remaining 20%. People often get confused there as well, but it's just become an unbelievably powerful and popular method for selling an S corporation. For every one 338(h)(10) election, I see 49 of these. I'm just like why not talk about this? Walker: I'm glad you brought it up. Nitti: It's because like I said, if you dig deep enough, every S corp is going to cause you some concern. Everyone is going to make you go, hey, there's something here that makes me wonder if this is an S. It's usually not just one thing. You reference why can't we fix it with 2022-19? Sometimes you can fix one aspect — like the bad LLC operating agreement you and I talked about. But there could be other things out there. Half of my job April is explaining to people, I don't think this causes the S selection determinee, but I'm not the one spending $100 million to buy the company, you are, and so if you're worried about it, let's get out of this 338(h)(10) and let's pivot to this F reorg transaction that we just talked through. Walker: There's a couple of Tax Adviser articles that also go into some of this detail. If you maybe have to listen to this a couple of times to get some of the details. Nitti: I'm also going to be teaching that tomorrow. Walker: You can listen to the replay. We will wrap up. I like to take us on a journey together to the profession, but I'm going to ask you a very specific question. I want to hear about new adventures with your puppy, Ms. Maggie, and specifically whether she's going to New Jersey with you this summer. Nitti: Well, that's a big point of contention. Maggie, we adopted a new golden retriever pup about four or five weeks ago and my main responsibility is to remind her every morning and every night that she will never be what Macy was to me. That's my primary responsibilities. Tell her she'll never be the dog my previous dog was. But I'm kidding, she's growing on me quickly. The New Jersey thing, it's really tricky because traveling 30 hours with a pup and back is a lot. I'm also not going back to New Jersey for the whole summer because my son's playing travel baseball and basketball and so if I'm only going to be back there two, three weeks, do I want to spend six days in a car? I don't know, we're hoping she'd be small enough to fly, she's not small enough to fly. You can take her if you can come live in Aspen for the summer instead of the house. Walker: That sounds awesome. Thank you so much Tony. Again, this is April Walker from the AICPA Tax Section. This community is your go-to source for technical guidance and resources designed especially for CPA tax practitioners like you in mind. This is a podcast from AICPA & CIMA together as the Association of International Certified Professional Accountants. You can find us wherever you listen to your podcasts. Please follow us so you don't miss an episode. If you already follow us, thank you so much and please feel free to share with a like-minded friend. You can also find us at aicpa-cima.com/tax to check out our other Odyssey episodes, as well as get access to the resources mentioned during the episode. Thank you for listening. Keep your finger on the pulse of the dynamic and evolving tax landscape with insights from tax thought leaders in the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section Odyssey podcast includes a digest of tax developments, trending issues and practice management tips that you need to be aware of to elevate your professional development and your firm practices. This resource is part of the robust tax resource library available from the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section is your go-to home base for staying up to date on the latest tax developments and providing the edge you need for upskilling your professional development. If you’re not already a member, consider joining this prestigious community of your tax peers. You’ll get free CPE, access to rich technical content such as our Annual Tax Compliance Kit, a weekly member newsletter and a digital subscription to The Tax Adviser.

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Starting Jan. 1, 2024, most companies created in or registered to do business in the U.S. will need to report information on their beneficial owners to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) under the Corporate Transparency Act (CTA). In 2024, 32.6 million entities should submit their initial BOI reports with approximately 5 million initial BOI reports filed each year thereafter. The AICPA, as part of a coalition, calls attention to the new BOI reporting requirements to taxpayers and practitioners.  Listen in as Art Auerbach, CPA and Andy Mattson, CPA, Tax Partner — Moss Adams LLP, delve into the 5 Ws (who, what, where, when and why) of BOI reporting with April Walker, CPA, CGMA, Lead Manager — Tax Practice & Ethics, AICPA & CIMA to help raise awareness that is critically needed. What you’ll learn in this episode Why is BOI important? (0:54) Who must file and who is exempt? (2:55) When must entities file? (8:01) What are the reporting obligations? (11:04) Where to file (what agency) and other concerns, including the potential for unauthorized practice of law? (15:00) Resources to help (21:59) Final thoughts (22:32) A page from Art and Andy’s travel journals (24:56) Related resources AICPA BOI reporting resources — Access resources (FAQs, summary of data fields, advocacy efforts, etc.) to learn about the BOI reporting requirement under FinCEN’s CTA. FinCEN BOI reporting resources — FinCEN resources on reporting requirements, fact sheets and FAQ. Keep your finger on the pulse of the dynamic and evolving tax landscape with insights from tax thought leaders in the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section Odyssey podcast includes a digest of tax developments, trending issues and practice management tips that you need to be aware of to elevate your professional development and your firm practices. This resource is part of the robust tax resource library available from the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section is your go-to home base for staying up to date on the latest tax developments and providing the edge you need for upskilling your professional development. If you’re not already a member, consider joining this prestigious community of your tax peers. You’ll get free CPE, access to rich technical content such as our Annual Tax Compliance Kit, a weekly member newsletter and a digital subscription to The Tax Adviser.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the simulation of human intelligence by machines, and the applications for use are rapidly increasing each day. Chatbots such as ChatGPT and BingAI are at the forefront of this movement, but Ashley Francis, CPA, Owner — The Francis Group, PLLC, notes that more than 1,500 similar AI were released in the past week. Listen in as Ashley shares more insights with April Walker, CPA, CGMA, Lead Manager — Tax Practice & Ethics, AICPA & CIMA, including how AI is positioned to transform the future of tax compliance. What you’ll learn in this episode Why the time is ripe for AI and why it creates both excitement and anxiety (0:48) Other players on the scene besides ChatGPT (5:03) The more exciting implications of AI for tax practitioners (9:07) Is this just a fad? (13:52) Tips for getting started (16:29) How to create a helpful prompt (19:48) Data security concerns, legal and ethical concerns and tips for risk mitigation (26:18) A page from Ashley’s travel journal (30:05) Related resources The Francis Group, PLLC — At The Francis Group, Ashley offers expert technical services and personalized service to sophisticated taxpayers and family entities with high net worth. Ashley can also be found on Twitter. AICPA & CIMA ENGAGE 2023 — June 5–8, 2023 (live onsite at Aria Resort & Casino, Las Vegas, NV, or online), will help you evolve by turning the pace of change from a challenge to an opportunity. With nine tracks of expert content, you’ll gain exclusive insights, develop practical skills and walk away with tangible guidance to evolve at your own pace. Technology resource center — Technology is evolving at an unprecedented speed and affects each of us in almost all facets of life and business. This hub provides you with access to the latest technology information, tools and resources to best serve your clients or support the organization where you work. Keep your finger on the pulse of the dynamic and evolving tax landscape with insights from tax thought leaders in the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section Odyssey podcast includes a digest of tax developments, trending issues and practice management tips that you need to be aware of to elevate your professional development and your firm practices. This resource is part of the robust tax resource library available from the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section is your go-to home base for staying up to date on the latest tax developments and providing the edge you need for upskilling your professional development. If you’re not already a member, consider joining this prestigious community of your tax peers. You’ll get free CPE, access to rich technical content such as our Annual Tax Compliance Kit, a weekly member newsletter and a digital subscription to The Tax Adviser.

April 18 marks the close of tax season 2023. This is a time for many practitioners to reflect on the past few months and decide what went well and what could be improved for future tax seasons ahead. Nicole Davis, CPA, has one word to encapsulate this tax season. She also shares her wins and challenges along with solutions she implemented including the pizza tracker protocol and videos. What you’ll learn in this episode Tax season 2023 defined in one word (1.24) Changes/improvements that made a difference (2.35) Advantages of using a tax process explainer video (5.25) The pizza tracker tool (8.05) Tax practice management software Nicole uses (10.55) Challenges and lessons learned (12.09) Nicole’s take on IRS service level (16.21) Final thoughts (18.01) A page from Nicole’s travel journal (20.15) Related resources Tax season resources – With constant changes to the tax landscape, being prepared for tax season is critical for success. Set yourself up for a smoother filing season by tapping into the wealth of AICPA and Tax Section resources. Keep your finger on the pulse of the dynamic and evolving tax landscape with insights from tax thought leaders in the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section Odyssey podcast includes a digest of tax developments, trending issues and practice management tips that you need to be aware of to elevate your professional development and your firm practices. This resource is part of the robust tax resource library available from the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section is your go-to home base for staying up to date on the latest tax developments and providing the edge you need for upskilling your professional development. If you’re not already a member, consider joining this prestigious community of your tax peers. You’ll get free CPE, access to rich technical content such as our Annual Tax Compliance Kit, a weekly member newsletter and a digital subscription to The Tax Adviser.

The employee retention credit (ERC), established in 2020 by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act, P.L. 116-136, a refundable tax credit for businesses that paid employees while they were shut down due to the COVID-19 pandemic or had significant declines in gross receipts for the period between March 13, 2020, and Dec. 31, 2021, continues to be front and center on the minds of taxpayers and CPA practitioners. In response to requests from practitioners given the slew of ERC “mills,” the Office of Professional Responsibility (OPR) provided guidance on clients' claims for the ERC on returns prepared by others. The OPR said in a bulletin that practitioners want to be sure that "they are meeting their Circular 230 professional responsibilities and the standards required to prepare and sign original tax returns, amended returns, or claims for refund" related to the ERC. The OPR administers and enforces Treasury Circular 230, Regulations Governing Practice Before the Internal Revenue Service (31 C.F.R. Part 10). On this Tax Section Odyssey episode, April Walker, CPA, CGMA, Lead Manager — Tax Practice & Ethics, AICPA & CIMA, discusses the latest in the world of ERC with Chris Wittich, MBT, CPA, Partner — Boyum Barenscheer, and Dan Chodan, CPA, Partner — Trout CPA. What you’ll learn in this episode Where things can go wrong in considering ERC eligibility (1.45) Red flags to watch out for when considering third-party ERC providers (5.00) IRS audit procedures and examinations of the ERC, including real-time information document request (IDR) examples (7.33) The OPR bulletin, Circular 230 and Statements on Standards for Tax Services (SSTSs) (12.44) Level of “auditing” a tax practitioner needs to do to examine third-party ERC calculations (17.56) The importance of ERC documentation and how to put numbers behind examples to hit home with clients (23.07) Final thoughts (29.57) Related resources Employee retention credit guidance and resources — The rules to be eligible to take this refundable payroll tax credit are complex. This resource library will help you understand both the retroactive 2020 credit and the 2021 credit. Professional Responsibility and the Employee Retention Credit — Alert wherein ORP advised that to fulfill their professional obligations to clients and to tax administration, practitioners — attorneys, CPAs, and enrolled agents — must meet the applicable provisions of Circular 230. Statements on Standards for Tax Services (SSTSs) — Tax standards are the foundation for validating reputational integrity in the tax profession. These SSTSs are the enforceable tax practice standards for members of the AICPA. Treasury Department Circular No. 230 — Guidance, information, practice aids and other resources related to Circular 230, which govern a CPA’s practice before the IRS.  Keep your finger on the pulse of the dynamic and evolving tax landscape with insights from tax thought leaders in the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section Odyssey podcast includes a digest of tax developments, trending issues and practice management tips that you need to be aware of to elevate your professional development and your firm practices. This resource is part of the robust tax resource library available from the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section is your go-to home base for staying up to date on the latest tax developments and providing the edge you need for upskilling your professional development. If you’re not already a member, consider joining this prestigious community of your tax peers. You’ll get free CPE, access to rich technical content such as our Annual Tax Compliance Kit, a weekly member newsletter and a digital subscription to The Tax Adviser

Natural disasters create a great deal of anxiety for all involved. Disaster tax relief in the form of tax return delays and casualty loss provisions are meant to ease some of that anxiety, but uncertainty surrounding some of the relief can cause confusion. On this Tax Section Odyssey episode, April Walker, CPA, CGMA, Lead Manager — Tax Practice & Ethics, AICPA & CIMA, goes behind the scenes with Jerry Schreiber, CPA, partner at Schreiber & Schreiber in Louisiana, dubbed the “Master of Disaster,” and Adam Silva, senior manager at Crowe LLP. What you’ll learn in this episode Distinction between a “qualified disaster loss” and a disaster loss (1:02) Refund claims when they occur during  a postponement of filing due dates (5:00) How to indicate to the IRS that a return is being filed under disaster relief (9:47) AICPA advocacy efforts related to disaster relief (13:41) Related resources Lookback period extended for refunds related to pandemic postponements, The Tax Adviser, March 1, 2023 Disaster tax relief guidance and resources — Provides resources and guidance regarding the disaster relief process as well as answers to frequently asked questions (FAQs) concerning disaster, casualty or theft losses and how these events may impact a client’s tax returns and business affairs. Automatic postponement date lookback period for allowing tax credits or refunds for all disasters — AICPA submitted comments to Treasury and IRS requesting that the IRS apply the relief given in Notice 2023-21 regarding the lookback period for allowing tax credits or refunds to all federally declared disasters. Road to recovery — Primer on disaster tax relief | Tax Section Odyssey — The “Master of Disaster,” Jerry Schreiber, CPA and Amy Miller, JD, CPA from the AICPA discuss tax-related disaster relief and resources to aid in recovery in this podcast episode. AICPA tax season library — With constant changes to the tax landscape, being prepared for tax season is critical for success. Set yourself up for a smoother filing season by tapping into the wealth of AICPA and Tax Section resources. Keep your finger on the pulse of the dynamic and evolving tax landscape with insights from tax thought leaders in the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section Odyssey podcast includes a digest of tax developments, trending issues and practice management tips that you need to be aware of to elevate your professional development and your firm practices. This resource is part of the robust tax resource library available from the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section is your go-to home base for staying up to date on the latest tax developments and providing the edge you need for upskilling your professional development. If you’re not already a member, consider joining this prestigious community of your tax peers. You’ll get free CPE, access to rich technical content such as our Annual Tax Compliance Kit, a weekly member newsletter and a digital subscription to The Tax Adviser.

Another busy season is upon the profession. With several tumultuous tax seasons in the recent past, the 2023 tax filing season is shaping up to be relatively normal, a welcomed changed for taxpayers, tax practitioners and the IRS. Normalcy doesn’t exactly equate to status quo, however. There are new rules, new guidance releases as well as established items with newfound scrutiny that practitioners and taxpayers need to be aware of. On this Tax Section Odyssey episode, April Walker, CPA, CGMA, Lead Manager — Tax Practice & Ethics, AICPA & CIMA, conducts a tax season pulse check with Annette Nellen, CPA, CGMA, Esq., Tax Professor — MST Program at San Jose State University, and a past Chair of the AICPA Tax Executive Committee, touching on some key topics in the tax arena that are currently noteworthy. What you’ll learn in this episode Latest in virtual currency/digital assets and the most recent AICPA comment letter (1.02) Confusion around “worthless” virtual currency (4.17) Practical discussion on the Form 1099-K and the transition year (13.14) Change in the bonus depreciation percentage for 2023 (23.31) Reminders about the accumulated earnings tax and personal holding company tax (25.18) ChatGPT (29.32) A page from Annette’s travel journal (34.02) Related resources AICPA comments for IRS consideration on AICPA proposed FAQs on the new digital assets question on the 2022 Form 1040 — AICPA suggested for IRS consideration proposed frequently asked questions (FAQs) to assist taxpayers in responding to the new digital asset question on the 2022 Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return and discussed in the instructions. Also see AICPA press release on these comments. AICPA tax season library — With constant changes to the tax landscape, being prepared for tax season is critical for success. Set yourself up for a smoother filing season by tapping into the wealth of AICPA and Tax Section resources. ChatGPT and the tax law — Official blog post by Professor Nellen on the 21st Century Taxation website. Chief Counsel Advice (CCA) 202302011 — Addresses the applicability of Sec. 165 to cryptocurrency that has declined in value. Frequently asked questions about Form 1099-K – Links to frequently asked questions about the Form 1099-K including general information, reporting requirements and filing the form. Internal Revenue Manual (IRM) 4.10.13.2 – IRM on accumulated earnings Tax (IRC 531) IRS Practice & Procedure — Browse the latest resources to help with IRS tax matters including news, guidance and tools. Reminder to answer the digital asset question on the 2022 tax return — In IR-2023-12, Jan. 24, 2023, the IRS reminded taxpayers that they must again answer a digital asset question and report all digital asset-related income when they file their 2022 federal income tax return, as they did for fiscal year 2021. The term "digital assets" has replaced "virtual currencies," a term used in previous years. U.S. Federal Tax law Hierarchy — Understand the weight of taxing authorities from highest to lowest for use in determining whether a source can be relied upon for a tax position. Keep your finger on the pulse of the dynamic and evolving tax landscape with insights from tax thought leaders in the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section Odyssey podcast includes a digest of tax developments, trending issues and practice management tips that you need to be aware of to elevate your professional development and your firm practices. This resource is part of the robust tax resource library available from the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section is your go-to home base for staying up to date on the latest tax developments and providing the edge you need for upskilling your professional development. If you’re not already a member, consider joining this prestigious community of your tax peers. You’ll get free CPE, access to rich technical content such as our Annual Tax Compliance Kit, a weekly member newsletter and a digital subscription to The Tax Adviser.

Rev. Proc. 2022-19 appears in the Internal Revenue Bulletin 2022-41 for Oct. 11, 2022, and provides taxpayer assistance procedures to allow S corporations and their shareholders to resolve frequently encountered issues without requesting a private letter ruling (PLR) issued by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).  On this Tax Section Odyssey episode, April Walker, CPA, CGMA, Lead Manager — Tax Practice & Ethics, AICPA & CIMA, discusses the revenue procedure in detail with Tony Nitti, CPA, Partner — National Tax, EY. Tony combs through the circumstances in which a PLR will not be available or will not ordinarily be issued. In these cases, the IRS does not have a concern with the validity of the entity’s S corporation election or there are other avenues to address the matter outside of the PLR process. What you’ll learn in this episode Setting the stage for Rev. Proc. 2022-19 (0.49) Generalization of the frequently encountered issues provided in Rev. Proc. 2022-19 (15.52) Principal purpose motivation (16.55) Disproportionate distributions (22.14) Missing shareholder consent (27.53) Missing an administrative letter relating to the IRS’s acceptance of an election (33.28 Federal income tax return filing that is inconsistent with the entity’s S corporation status (34.20) Non-identical governing provisions (35.24) A word of caution (39.25) Tony’s final thoughts (43.57) Related resources Rev. Proc. 2022-19 — Published in Internal Revenue Bulletin No. 2022-41 on Oct. 11, 2022. IRS Practice & Procedure — Browse the latest resources to help with IRS tax matters including news, guidance and tools. AICPA tax season library — With constant changes to the tax landscape, being prepared for tax season is critical for success. Set yourself up for a smoother filing season by tapping into the wealth of AICPA and Tax Section resources. Keep your finger on the pulse of the dynamic and evolving tax landscape with insights from tax thought leaders in the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section Odyssey podcast includes a digest of tax developments, trending issues and practice management tips that you need to be aware of to elevate your professional development and your firm practices. This resource is part of the robust tax resource library available from the AICPA Tax Section. The Tax Section is your go-to home base for staying up to date on the latest tax developments and providing the edge you need for upskilling your professional development. If you’re not already a member, consider joining this prestigious community of your tax peers. You’ll get free CPE, access to rich technical content such as our Annual Tax Compliance Kit, a weekly member newsletter and a digital subscription to The Tax Adviser.