The Pragmatic Engineer

Bryan Cantrill, co-founder and CTO of Oxide Computer and a former distinguished engineer at Sun Microsystems, dives into the evolution of servers and cloud computing. He reflects on the innovations that emerged from the Dotcom Bust, highlighting the significance of deeper technical focus. The conversation covers AWS's market impact, Kubernetes' role in cloud neutrality, and the challenges of server updates. Bryan also discusses employing AI in engineering and how Oxide preserves its culture during growth, emphasizing the importance of values and transparency.

Michelle Lim, a founding engineer at AI startup Flint and former engineer at Warp, shares her journey from top tech firms like Facebook and Slack to entrepreneurship. She discusses the unique challenges of being an early-stage engineer and the importance of a product-first mindset. Michelle explains negotiating equity, the value of asking founders for references, and the significance of tech stack choices. With insights on building autonomous websites and leveraging AI, she offers practical advice for aspiring engineers aiming to transition into founding roles.

Johannes Dahse, VP of Code Security at Sonar and a seasoned security expert, dives into the essentials of code security for software engineers. He passionately argues for developer ownership of security while security teams act as enablers. Topics include practical strategies for writing secure code, the risks of dependencies, and the role of AI in coding practices. Johannes also addresses pressing issues like the state of vulnerabilities, dynamic testing methods, and the importance of maintainability in reducing security risks.

In a compelling discussion, Martin Fowler, Chief Scientist at ThoughtWorks and renowned author, delves into the transformative impact of AI on software engineering. He compares AI's significance to the shift from assembly to high-level languages, highlighting how generative models aid in prototyping and understanding legacy code. Fowler emphasizes the importance of rigorous testing for LLM outputs and cautions against the potential pitfalls of 'vibe coding.' He also underlines the continuing relevance of refactoring in the age of AI, advocating for a balanced approach in leveraging these new tools.

In this conversation with Elizabeth Stone, CTO of Netflix and former VP of Science at Lyft, listeners gain a behind-the-scenes look at the engineering culture of one of the largest streaming platforms. Elizabeth discusses the concept of being 'unusually responsible' within teams and shares how Netflix fosters autonomy while maintaining critical guardrails. She elaborates on the challenges of streaming at scale, the innovative use of Gen AI in engineering, and the importance of continuous feedback in building a high-performance culture.

Chris Lattner, a renowned systems and compiler engineer known for creating LLVM and the Swift programming language, dives into his latest venture—Mojo, aimed at simplifying AI development. He discusses the challenges of compiler design, reminiscing about the chaos of the early 2000s. Lattner shares insights on the resistance to adopting new technologies, his experiences at Apple, and the importance of community in open-source projects. He envisions Mojo as a bridge for non-experts to harness AI capabilities, transforming complex programming into a more accessible craft.

Addy Osmani, Head of Chrome Developer Experience at Google, discusses the evolution of software engineering with AI assistance. He contrasts vibe coding with AI-driven techniques and emphasizes the importance of discipline in development. Addy introduces the '70% problem,' where AI can rapidly produce initial app components but struggles with final details. He also highlights the critical role of manual oversight in code reviews and shares insights on using AI for onboarding and enhancing collaboration between designers and engineers.

Elin Nilsson, a tech industry researcher and former Google intern, shares an insider's look into Google's engineering culture. She discusses the custom tech stack that powers the giant and the unique tools like Borg and SRE. The conversation dives into the generous perks offered to engineers and the light on-call duty they experience. Elin also unveils the intriguing design docs culture and the promotion-driven development model. Finally, they reflect on the shifts in workplace culture since the pandemic, emphasizing adaptability and innovation.

Armin Ronacher, an accomplished open-source contributor and creator of the Flask web framework, shares his insights on programming languages like Python, Go, and Rust. He highlights the trade-offs for startups in choosing Go and discusses the transformative impact of AI tools in engineering workflows. Armin also touches on the complexities of error handling, the relevance of type systems, and how agentic AI can enhance development. His personal favorite is Python, reflecting on its ease and significance in his career.

Charles-Axel Dein, an early engineer at Uber and now an engineering leader at CloudKitchens, shares fascinating insights from his journey in high-growth startups. He dives into the chaos of rapid scaling at Uber and the ethical responsibilities tied to product incidents. Charles discusses effective hiring practices, essential traits for standout engineers, and the importance of personal productivity. He also explores how AI is reshaping engineering roles and offers valuable advice on managing technical debt and creating a positive team culture.