Hypergrowth startups: Uber and CloudKitchens with Charles-Axel Dein

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Sep 24, 2025

Charles-Axel Dein, an early engineer at Uber and now an engineering leader at CloudKitchens, shares fascinating insights from his journey in high-growth startups. He dives into the chaos of rapid scaling at Uber and the ethical responsibilities tied to product incidents. Charles discusses effective hiring practices, essential traits for standout engineers, and the importance of personal productivity. He also explores how AI is reshaping engineering roles and offers valuable advice on managing technical debt and creating a positive team culture.

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ANECDOTE

Early Uber Chaos Shaped Learning

Charles-Axel joined Uber in 2012 when the engineering team was about 20 people and there was very little process.
He learned by doing in a hectic environment that exposed him to many problems quickly.

insights

INSIGHT

Chaos Accelerates Learning

Hyperscale is chaotic but valuable because it exposes you to many problems and accelerates learning.
That chaotic exposure forces fast ramp-up and continuous improvement by trial and feedback.

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ADVICE

Decouple Release From Deployment

Decouple release from deployment: deploy behind feature flags, then roll out gradually and monitor impact.
This practice reduces risk and makes deploys stable because you can test with small user segments.

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Early days at Uber and joining as engineer number ~20

01:50 • 2min

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Transitioning to engineering manager and hands-on leadership

04:06 • 1min

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Real-world impact and responsibility of product incidents

05:13 • 1min

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Working at CloudKitchens and software for the physical world

06:36 • 2min

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Differences between Uber hyperscale and current startup economics

08:16 • 2min

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What hyperscale felt like: chaos, onboarding and incidents

10:38 • 3min

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Incidents, on-call pain and learning system bottlenecks

14:00 • 3min

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Deployment practices: feature flags and tenancy versus environments

16:47 • 5min

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Detection, mitigation and resolution metrics for incidents

22:10 • 41sec

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Automation lessons: do things manually first

22:51 • 4min

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Hiring at hyperscale: funnel, recruiter partnership and pairing interviewers

26:54 • 5min

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Signs you are in hypergrowth and when it slows

31:40 • 2min

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Coping with overload: personal productivity and delegation

34:10 • 5min

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Building and maintaining the 'How to Be a Professional Engineer' repo

38:50 • 2min

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Traits of standout engineers: ship, lift, and humor

41:04 • 6min

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Balancing reading and doing to learn effectively

46:53 • 2min

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Incident reviews, blamelessness and the human factor

49:10 • 2min

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Training engineers: build internal, context-specific programs

51:29 • 3min

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Weekly updates and managing perception of progress

54:44 • 2min

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Project management as a superpower for engineers

56:49 • 2min

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When to take technical debt and treating it intentionally

58:55 • 4min

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Resumes, LinkedIn and getting noticed when hiring

01:03:22 • 2min

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Interview prep: structure, method and preparing for managers

01:05:19 • 7min

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AI in hiring: do not use AI during interviews

01:12:20 • 1min

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What makes engineers succeed in fast-paced startups

01:13:33 • 4min

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Working with people: reduce friction by meeting and clarifying tone

01:17:19 • 2min

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Non-obvious tips: memorization and extreme ownership

01:19:25 • 1min

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Under-promise and over-deliver, and using weekly updates to manage expectations

01:20:27 • 29sec

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Imposter syndrome as a growth engine

01:20:56 • 2min

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Non-obvious reading: fundamentals, Linux and fiction

01:22:50 • 3min

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Making strong arguments: RFCs, logic and QED competency

01:25:23 • 2min

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Survival bias and the value of early chaotic speed

01:27:28 • 2min

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Bootstrapping product speed with malleable tools like spreadsheets

01:29:30 • 2min

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Optimize for user control and speed when engineering is scarce

01:31:58 • 45sec

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How AI is changing engineering work today

01:32:44 • 3min

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Best early AI use cases: migrations and refactors

01:35:27 • 41sec

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Security, supply-chain and agent risks from AI

01:36:08 • 43sec

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AI's effect on engineering management and reviews

01:36:51 • 3min

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Making generated code your own and preserving code review rigor

01:39:36 • 3min

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Favorite languages: Python for practicality and exploring functional languages

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What does it take to do well at a hyper-growth company? In this episode of The Pragmatic Engineer, I sit down with Charles-Axel Dein, one of the first engineers at Uber, who later hired me there. Since then, he’s gone on to work at CloudKitchens. He’s also been maintaining the popular Professional programming reading list GitHub repo for 15 years, where he collects articles that made him a better programmer.

In our conversation, we dig into what it’s really like to work inside companies that grow rapidly in scale and headcount. Charles shares what he’s learned about personal productivity, project management, incidents, interviewing, plus how to build flexible skills that hold up in fast-moving environments.

Jump to interesting parts:

• 10:41 – the reality of working inside a hyperscale company

• 41:10 – the traits of high-performing engineers

• 1:03:31 – Charles’ advice for getting hired in today’s job market

We also discuss:

• How to spot the signs of hypergrowth (and when it’s slowing down)

• What sets high-performing engineers apart beyond shipping

• Charles’s personal productivity tips, favorite reads, and how he uses reading to uplevel his skills

• Strategic tips for building your resume and interviewing

• How imposter syndrome is normal, and how leaning into it helps you grow

• And much more!

If you’re at a fast-growing company, considering joining one, or looking to land your next role, you won’t want to miss this practical advice on hiring, interviewing, productivity, leadership, and career growth.

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Timestamps

(00:00) Intro

(04:04) Early days at Uber as engineer #20

(08:12) CloudKitchens’ similarities with Uber

(10:41) The reality of working at a hyperscale company

(19:05) Tenancies and how Uber deployed new features

(22:14) How CloudKitchens handles incidents

(26:57) Hiring during fast-growth

(34:09) Avoiding burnout

(38:55) The popular Professional programming reading list repo

(41:10) The traits of high-performing engineers