
Lean Blog Audio
Lean Blog Audio features Mark Graban reading and expanding on LeanBlog.org posts. Explore real-world lessons on Lean thinking, psychological safety, continuous improvement, and performance metrics like Process Behavior Charts. Learn how leaders in healthcare, manufacturing, and beyond create cultures of learning, reduce fear, and drive better results.
Listen and learn: leanblog.org/audio
Latest episodes

Jul 25, 2024 • 11min
From Football to Your Workplace: Why a Lone Wolf Can’t Transform An Organization
Read the blog post and more
Imagine an NFL team that has been on a decades-long streak of winless seasons. The owner, who has been at the helm for most of that period, always believes that finding the right coach will solve the team's woes. But it doesn't.
Every few years (or sometimes more often), the owner blames and fires the coach and hires a new one, but the team continues to lose.
In a desperate attempt to turn things around, the owner signs a decent (but inexpensive) free-agent left guard away from the previous Super Bowl champion. This player, hailed for their leadership on and off the field, is expected to be the sole “transformational leader” and bring winning tactics and a winning culture to the struggling team. All. By. Himself.
Would you expect that to work?
I would not.

Jul 22, 2024 • 7min
Understanding Slow Decisions: How "Motivational Interviewing" Can Help at Work
The blog post
Think about the last time you made a major career decision. I'm thinking of one of mine, in particular.
Was it about leaving a job for a new one? Changing directions in your career altogether?
Was it a debate about which of the job offers you would accept?
How easy was that? How long did it take you?
In hindsight, some of my career decisions took too long to play out. Afterward, my wife would ask, "Why didn't you do that sooner?"
I'm also thinking of a major decision that was in the news today—it's been drawn out over the past few weeks, and it's a more important decision than one I've ever considered.
During my career, one of the most helpful concepts I've learned about is "motivational interviewing." See more blog posts about this approach. This approach has roots in addiction counseling, developed by William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick in the 1980s to help individuals struggling with substance abuse find their own motivations for change. Its principles can be applied far beyond addiction, proving invaluable in leadership and coaching.
Lessons from Motivational Interviewing

Jul 16, 2024 • 8min
Executive Summary on Cultivating Psychological Safety and Continuous Improvement
The full blog post
This post draws upon and summarizes content in my book, The Mistakes That Make Us: Cultivating a Culture of Learning and Innovation.
Senior leaders must prioritize psychological safety and continuous improvement to foster an environment conducive to learning and innovation. Psychological safety is crucial for enabling employees to speak up about mistakes and ideas without fear of punishment. This executive summary outlines key strategies for cultivating psychological safety and leveraging it to drive continuous improvement.
“Psychological safety is a belief that one will not be punished or humiliated for speaking up with ideas, questions, concerns, or mistakes.”
Hear my podcast with Amy on these topics.
Prof. Amy Edmondson

Jul 12, 2024 • 7min
Why Two Data Points Don't Show Trends: Understanding the Importance of Comprehensive Data Analysis in Workplaces and News
The full blog post
Two data points are not a trend. Two-data-point comparisons can be mathematically correct but practically meaningless.
This is true in workplaces and news articles like this one.
Multiple two-data-point comparisons (comparing last month to the previous month AND comparing it to the year before) don't paint the full picture the way a simple run chart would.
If a hospital's margin is "23% higher" than the year before, is that a difference between 1% and 1.23% or the difference between 10% and 12.3%?
Give me more data points. Better yet, create a chart that shows trends (or the lack thereof) over time. Otherwise, we're just celebrating (or bemoaning) every little up and now.
23% sounds like a big change. But that doesn't mean it's statistically meaningful. Was it down 27% the previous month? Possibly. Some metrics simply fluctuate around a stable average.
On NPR recently, the hourly news update covered economic indicators, including the truth and data points that say:
Gas prices are UP 5 cents from a week ago
Gas prices are DOWN 10 cents from a month ago
So, gas prices are both going UP and DOWN. It depends on which data point you use as a starting comparison -- and what point you might be trying to prove. What are those two facts "indicators" of?? What's the longer term trend??

Jul 11, 2024 • 4min
The Suggestion Box is Dead, with a New Obituary
The blog post with webinar link
As a Throwback Thursday, I'm sharing this webinar that I did back in 2012, as hosted by Karen Martin...
On this theme of “The Suggestion Box is Dead,” I thought to prompt ChatGPT to create an image of a burial scene and mournful employees...

Jul 5, 2024 • 4min
Demystifying Toyota’s Andon System: How It Works and Common Misconceptions
Episode blog post
There's a common misconception about Toyota's “Andon” system, often expressed as:
“When a team member pulls the cord, the line stops.”
But that's not entirely accurate, as this enlightening Toyota video demonstrates...

Jul 1, 2024 • 15min
I’ll Be Speaking, Learning, and Facilitating at the Global Lean Summit
Blog post with links
I'm very happy to be participating in Jared Thatcher‘s “Global Lean Summit” event this September in Indiana.
I'll be there to network and learn, which includes time visiting a Toyota Material Handling factory (an entire day!)
I'll be speaking and facilitating:
A workshop on Psychological Safety as a Foundation for continuous improvement
A learning session featuring Dr. Deming's “Red Bead Game“
A fun keynote talk on warning signs and mistake-proofing
Learn more and register

Jun 28, 2024 • 3min
Don't Digitize the Suggestion Box -- Improve a Better Way with Kaizen and KaiNexus
The blog post
Digital transformation is about rethinking and reinventing with digital tools. For over 13 years, KaiNexus has moved beyond the outdated suggestion box model.
Traditional suggestion boxes, whether paper or digital, often fail (or usually fail!–ideas get locked away, reviewed by a select few, and lead to frustration.
We believe in dynamic platforms that foster real-time communication and collaboration.
Don't digitize the old, broken way of doing things!
Mark Graban:Don't digitize the old broken process. Whether that's a suggestion box or anything else, digital transformation is about rethinking reinventing the way we do things with digital tools. From the beginning, more than 13 years ago, KaiNexus has never been an electronic suggestion box because suggestion boxes don't work, whether it's in paper form or an online digital form. Why is that? Suggestion boxes in the paper model have a locked box.
Ideas sit. Some special person with a key opens up box maybe once a month, maybe once a quarter. Some far off team talks about those suggestions without coming back to talk to the person who filled out that suggestion box slip. People give up on suggestion boxes, and it's understandable. So we don't want an electronic or a digital version of that.
What we do want is a digital process with proven, continuous improvement methods. We often refer to this as Kaizen, engaging people in opportunity identification, not just jumping to solutions but bringing forward a problem so we can talk about it locally and then escalate it to management by exception. Don't digitize the old, broken way of doing things.

Jun 26, 2024 • 4min
Psychological Safety: Ensuring Every Voice is Heard, Not Necessarily Followed
Blog post
Psychological Safety means everybody gets their say, but it doesn't mean you get your way.
Psychological Safety is an individual's belief, feeling, or perception that it's safe for them to speak up in a situation.
When people are rewarded for speaking candidly, that leads to rigorous debate and better decisions.
Psychological Safety doesn't mean freedom from being challenged or disagreed with.
It doesn't turn the workplace into a democracy and it doesn't mean you need 100% agreement to move forward on anything.
Psychological Safety means you can disagree with your manager or a peer… and they have the safety to disagree in return.
Psychological Safety doesn't mean shutting down a discussion because you feel uncomfortable.
What practices and behaviors have you seen in a workplace that cultivate Psychological Safety? What are some examples of rewarding people for speaking up candidly?
To me, it comes down to three high-level countermeasures for leaders:
Modeling candor, vulnerability, and the behaviors you want to see
Encouraging candor
Rewarding candor
In summary, Psychological Safety is the foundation of a healthy and productive workplace. It ensures that everyone has the opportunity to voice their thoughts and concerns without fear of retribution, even if it doesn't always mean getting their way.
Again, Psychological Safety means everybody gets their say, but it doesn't mean you get your way.
When leaders model, encourage, and reward candor, it fosters an environment where rigorous debate leads to better decision-making and continuous improvement. By adopting practices that promote Psychological Safety, such as open communication, constructive feedback, and a growth mindset, organizations can unlock the full potential of their teams.
If you're looking to cultivate Psychological Safety within your organization and drive better outcomes through open and candid dialogue, I can help. With extensive experience in fostering cultures of learning and innovation, I offer consulting, workshops, and coaching tailored to your specific needs.
Contact me today to learn how we can work together to build a safer, more effective workplace. I'm happy to do a free discovery call with you.
Or check out my book, The Mistakes That Make Us: Cultivating a Culture of Learning and Innovation. Or do both :-)

Jun 25, 2024 • 2min
Join Me on Friday for The Mistakes That Make Us: A Book Birthday Event
The blog post
The LinkedIn event
My latest book, The Mistakes That Make Us: Cultivating a Culture of Learning and Innovation, is turning one year old!
Join me, along with my co-host Elisabeth Swan, for what we hope will be an engaging, insightful, and fun discussion about learning from mistakes. We'll be joined by special surprise guests who will share their unique perspectives and experiences. This isn't just a one-way broadcast–it's an interactive session where we'll conduct live polls and open the virtual floor to your questions, ensuring a dynamic and participative environment.
View this page and click “Attend” to be reminded of this when it starts. A recording will also be available on LinkedIn and my YouTube channel.
Mistakes are a universal experience, and what truly matters is how we learn from them. Together, we will explore ways to improve our ability to learn from mistakes, both as individuals and as organizations. My goal is to uncover practical strategies that can be applied in various contexts to foster a culture of continuous learning and improvement.
We also have a special reason to celebrate. The Mistakes That Make Us is marking its first anniversary/birthday on June 30th. However, since that falls on a Sunday, and let's face it, who wants to be on LinkedIn on a Sunday? I've decided to move the celebration to Friday, June 28th. This will give us the perfect opportunity to not only discuss the themes of the book but also to celebrate its impact over the past year.