The Poor Prole’s Almanac

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" continues the hosts’ critique of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), building upon points raised in the previous episode. Elliott and Andy further dissect AGRA's operations, exposing its shortcomings in data reporting, its detrimental impact on local food systems, and its questionable ties to corporate interests. AGRA's Opaque Reporting Practices: The hosts highlight the lack of transparency in AGRA's operations, pointing to the organization's delayed and limited data reporting despite receiving billions in funding. They note that AGRA only began reporting data five years prior to this episode, which aired in 2023, meaning that it took 10 years for the organization to release any information about its impact. This lack of accountability is particularly concerning given AGRA's size and influence. The hosts further criticize the quality and scope of the data that AGRA eventually released. They point out that the data is heavily skewed towards corn, with only passing mentions of rice, despite AGRA's stated mission to improve overall food crop productivity. This narrow focus, the hosts argue, reflects AGRA's flawed approach of prioritizing a few commercial crops at the expense of diverse, locally adapted crops that are essential for food security and nutrition. Adding to these concerns, the hosts reveal that AGRA's evaluation only included data from six out of its eleven focus countries, omitting any information about the remaining five countries where it operates. Furthermore, AGRA no longer makes its outcome monitoring reports publicly available on its website, only releasing them after a public records request forced them to do so. This deliberate obfuscation of information, the hosts argue, raises serious questions about AGRA's legitimacy and the true impact of its work. AGRA's Harmful Impact on African Food Systems: The hosts argue that AGRA's model, which promotes the adoption of expensive commercial seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, has actually harmed African food systems. They cite studies that show little to no benefit to farmer incomes or food security. Some farmers even reported a decline in their economic well-being as the costs of these inputs drove them into debt, while yields did not increase enough to offset these expenses. The hosts also highlight the negative nutritional consequences of AGRA's approach, noting reports of declining nutrition due to reduced crop diversity. Challenging AGRA's Narrative of Empowering Farmers: The hosts challenge AGRA's claim that it prioritizes poor women farmers and youth, pointing to evidence that the primary beneficiaries of AGRA's programs have been wealthier male farmers. This contradicts the organization's stated goals and reveals a disconnect between its rhetoric and its actual impact on the ground. Unmasking the Gates Foundation's Agenda: The hosts extend their critique to AGRA's primary funder, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, arguing that the foundation's agenda prioritizes the interests of Western corporations and institutions over the needs of African farmers. They cite research from Grain, a journal that published a breakdown of the Gates Foundation's agricultural development grants, revealing that a staggering 82% of the funding was channeled to groups based in North America and Europe, while less than 10% went to Africa-based groups. This skewed distribution of funds, the hosts argue, demonstrates that the Gates Foundation is more interested in promoting Western-developed technologies and solutions than supporting existing knowledge and practices within Africa. They highlight the foundation's significant funding for the CGIAR, a consortium of international research centers known for promoting the Green Revolution, which has been widely criticized for its negative impacts on smallholder farmers and the environment. The hosts suggest that the Gates Foundation's focus on technological fixes, exemplified by its support for biofortification initiatives, ignores the root causes of hunger and malnutrition, such as poverty, lack of access to land, and unfair trade policies. They argue that biofortification, while potentially useful in emergency situations, is not a sustainable solution for addressing nutritional deficiencies. Exposing Conflicts of Interest: The hosts raise concerns about the potential conflict of interest posed by the Gates Foundation's investments in Monsanto, a multinational agricultural corporation known for its production of genetically modified seeds and herbicides. They argue that this financial tie, coupled with the Gates Foundation's influence over agricultural policy in Africa, creates a system that benefits corporations at the expense of smallholder farmers. Highlighting the Need for Agroecology: Despite the bleak picture painted by AGRA's failures, the hosts offer a glimmer of hope by highlighting the growing movement towards agroecology in Africa. They point to studies that show smallholder farmers in Africa prefer their own locally adapted crop varieties over the commercial hybrids promoted by AGRA. These locally adapted varieties are often more resilient to drought, require less water and inputs, and are better suited for intercropping, a technique that enhances biodiversity and soil health. The hosts conclude by emphasizing that true food sovereignty in Africa requires moving away from the industrial model of agriculture promoted by AGRA and embracing agroecological practices that prioritize local knowledge, biodiversity, and farmer control over food systems. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" presents a scathing critique of the Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA), an organization founded in 2006 by the Rockefeller and Gates Foundations. Hosts Elliott and Andy challenge AGRA's stated goals of empowering African farmers and reducing food insecurity, arguing that it instead perpetuates a neocolonial model that benefits Western interests at the expense of African livelihoods. AGRA's Funding and Questionable Accountability: The hosts emphasize that AGRA's primary funding sources, the Gates Foundation and the U.S. government, raise concerns about its agenda. They point out that AGRA received approximately one billion dollars in funding, with the Gates Foundation alone contributing two-thirds of that amount. The hosts question the accountability of such an organization, especially given its complex structure and the involvement of major players in the "non-profit industrial complex". They draw parallels to past philanthropic endeavors by Bill Gates, suggesting a pattern of prioritizing Western solutions over local knowledge and needs. Challenging AGRA's Claims of Success: The hosts cite the work of researcher Tim Wise, who analyzed AGRA's documentation and found little evidence to support its claims of success. Wise concluded that despite AGRA's 15-year investment in promoting commercial seeds and fertilizers, there was "little evidence that...[it] has improved farmers yields income or food security". Wise's analysis revealed that yields in AGRA's focus countries had risen only 18% over 15 years, falling far short of the promised 100% increase. Additionally, AGRA's emphasis on monoculture crops like GM corn has led to a decline in crop diversity, threatening food security and resilience. AGRA's Model: Benefiting Western Corporations, Not African Farmers: The hosts argue that AGRA's model, focused on commercial seeds, fertilizers, and pesticides, only benefits Western corporations while increasing African farmers' dependence on expensive inputs and long supply chains. This dependence undermines farmers' resilience and increases their risk of debt, particularly in the face of climate change. The African Union and the Influence of External Funding: The discussion expands to critique the African Union (AU), highlighting the influence of external donors on the organization's priorities. The hosts note that while African member states agreed to prioritize the AU's stability, they only contribute about 27% of the spent budget, leaving donors to fill the gap. This reliance on external funding, primarily from former colonizers and the European Union, has led to concerns about skewed accountability and a prioritization of donor interests over those of African member states. Safeguarding Food Sovereignty and Embracing Agroecology: The episode concludes with a call for a paradigm shift in agricultural development in Africa. The hosts highlight a public letter from the Alliance for Food Sovereignty in Africa (AFSA), a confederation of 35 organizations, urging donors to cease funding for AGRA and instead support "African-led efforts to expand agro-ecology and other low-input farming systems". The letter criticizes AGRA's approach as harmful to farmers, the environment, and long-term sustainability. Conflict of Interest and Unanswered Concerns: The hosts raise concerns about the conflict of interest posed by AGRA's president leading the UN Food System Summit. They also point out that despite extensive criticism from faith leaders and civil society organizations, the Gates Foundation has failed to acknowledge or address concerns about its approach to agricultural development in Africa. Concluding Thoughts: The episode leaves listeners with a strong critique of AGRA and a call for a more just and sustainable approach to agriculture in Africa. The hosts argue that true food sovereignty requires prioritizing local knowledge, agroecological practices, and empowering African farmers to control their own food systems. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

This episode of "The Knack Attack" explores the historical origins and evolution of anti-foraging laws in the United States, revealing how these laws, often rooted in racism and classism, have systematically restricted access to wild foods for marginalized communities and working-class people. The hosts, Elliott and Andy, trace the shift from a period of relatively open access to foraging in colonial America to the gradual erosion of these rights, driven by the expansion of industrial agriculture and the interests of wealthy elites seeking to control and commodify natural resources. Early Foraging Rights and the Shift Toward Restriction The episode begins by highlighting the broad foraging rights enjoyed by American colonists, who could freely gather food not only on common lands but also on private property. This right was even enshrined in the constitutions of some states, reflecting the importance of foraging for subsistence. However, as industrial agriculture gained prominence, the need for and protection of foraging practices declined. Targeting Marginalized Communities: Native Americans and Freed Slaves The hosts emphasize how anti-foraging laws were weaponized against marginalized groups. Native American tribes were among the first to be stripped of their traditional foraging rights, driven from their lands as white settlers expanded westward. This dispossession was justified by portraying Native American hunter-gatherer practices as primitive and incompatible with "modern" agricultural practices. Following the Civil War, newly emancipated African American slaves, who had relied on foraging for sustenance and income, faced similar attacks on their foraging practices. Southern states enacted trespass laws and other measures to restrict access to wild foods, undermining the self-sufficiency and economic independence of freed slaves. This pattern of dispossession, the hosts note, is a recurring theme in American history, with those in power consistently using legal and social mechanisms to exploit and control marginalized populations. "Conservation" as a Tool for Exclusion The episode examines how the conservation movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, while ostensibly aimed at protecting natural resources, often served as a cover for excluding working-class people and marginalized communities from access to land and its resources. The hosts cite the example of the Adirondack Park in New York, where wealthy elites, seeking to protect their interests in the region's timber and waterways, pushed for the creation of a protected area that restricted traditional foraging and hunting practices of local residents. This "conservation" effort was driven by a paternalistic view of rural residents as incapable of responsibly managing the natural world. The Labyrinthine Web of Anti-Foraging Laws The hosts detail the complex and often contradictory web of regulations governing foraging at the local, state, and federal levels. They point out how the vague and broadly worded ordinances, coupled with the discretionary power granted to park officials, create a system that is easily manipulated to target and penalize foragers, particularly those who are poor or from marginalized communities. The inconsistencies in regulations across jurisdictions, they argue, further highlight the arbitrary and often discriminatory nature of these laws. The Case of Steve Brill and the Hypocrisy of Enforcement The episode recounts the story of Steve Brill, a New York City forager who gained notoriety in the 1980s for leading foraging tours in Central Park and was subsequently arrested in a sting operation for picking dandelion greens. This incident, which garnered international attention, exposed the absurdity of criminalizing foraging for common, non-native plants. While the charges against Brill were eventually dropped, the hosts note that this case did little to change the city's restrictive stance on foraging, as evidenced by subsequent incidents where individuals were fined for picking berries and dandelion greens in city parks. The Contradictory Mandate of the National Park Service The hosts examine the contradictory mandate of the National Park Service (NPS), which is tasked with both promoting public enjoyment of national parks and preserving their resources for future generations. They highlight how the NPS regulations, while generally prohibiting foraging, grant superintendents wide latitude to set specific rules, resulting in a patchwork of inconsistent regulations across different parks. This discretionary power, they argue, further contributes to the potential for arbitrary and discriminatory enforcement. Foraging as a Class and Race Issue The episode concludes by emphasizing that access to wild foods remains largely a matter of privilege and power. They observe that the modern foraging movement, while gaining popularity in recent years, is predominantly white and middle-class. The history of anti-foraging laws, they argue, has created a system that disproportionately impacts people of color and low-income communities, denying them access to a valuable source of food and cultural connection to the land. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" revisits the history of American Prohibition, exploring its origins in the temperance movement and examining the social, political, and economic factors that led to the passage of the 18th Amendment. Hosts Elliott and Andy discuss the role of religious sentiment, social anxieties, and political maneuvering in the rise of the anti-alcohol movement, highlighting the influence of key figures like Carry Nation and Wayne Wheeler. Early Temperance Efforts and the Rise of the Anti-Saloon League The episode traces the roots of the temperance movement back to the early 1800s, noting the emergence of temperance societies advocating for moderation or abstinence from alcohol consumption. Concerns about the negative social consequences of alcohol, intertwined with religious convictions and health considerations, fueled the movement's growth, particularly among middle-class reformers, with women playing a prominent role. The hosts examine the evolution of the temperance movement from localized efforts to a national political force. The formation of the National Prohibition Party in 1869, despite its limited electoral success, demonstrated the growing political aspirations of the movement. The establishment of the Anti-Saloon League in 1893 marked a significant shift in strategy, focusing on leveraging political pressure to enact prohibition laws. Wayne Wheeler and the Politicization of Prohibition The episode focuses on Wayne Wheeler, a key figure in the Anti-Saloon League, describing him as a shrewd political strategist who effectively manipulated the political system to advance the prohibition agenda. Wheeler and his allies recognized the power of a small but dedicated voting bloc, strategically aligning themselves with candidates who supported their cause, regardless of party affiliation. This approach, similar to modern-day political tactics, involved exploiting wedge issues to sway elections in their favor, effectively creating the illusion of widespread support for prohibition, even in areas where it lacked popular backing. Exploiting Social Anxieties and Anti-Immigrant Sentiment The hosts discuss how the prohibition movement capitalized on the social anxieties of the time, particularly those stemming from rapid industrialization, urbanization, and immigration in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Rural whites, migrating to cities for work, often found themselves in close proximity to saloons frequented by immigrants and minorities, fueling resentment and fears about the changing social fabric. The Anti-Saloon League effectively tapped into these sentiments, portraying alcohol as a threat to the moral fiber of the nation, often using racist and xenophobic rhetoric to demonize immigrants and their drinking habits. The Role of World War I and the Passage of the 18th Amendment The episode examines how the outbreak of World War I provided a crucial opportunity for prohibition advocates to advance their agenda. By framing opposition to alcohol as a patriotic duty, linking it to anti-German sentiment and the need to protect American soldiers from the temptations of drink, they gained significant political momentum. With wartime prohibition in place, and a majority of states already having dry laws, the movement successfully pushed for a constitutional amendment to ban alcohol nationwide. The 18th Amendment, along with the Volstead Act, which outlined the enforcement mechanisms, became law in 1919, ushering in the era of national prohibition. The Legacy of Prohibition and its Relevance Today The episode concludes by reflecting on the unintended consequences of prohibition, including the rise of organized crime, the flourishing of a black market for alcohol, and the erosion of public respect for the law. The hosts draw parallels between the tactics employed by the prohibition movement and contemporary political strategies, highlighting the enduring relevance of understanding how small, passionate groups can manipulate the political system to achieve their goals. They emphasize the importance of critical thinking and civic engagement in navigating complex social and political issues, guarding against the dangers of moral absolutism and the overreach of government power. For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" explores hydrogen power, examining its potential to address the world's energy crisis while acknowledging the complexities and challenges associated with its implementation. Hosts Andy, Elliott, and Matt engage in a lively discussion, covering the history, science, and potential applications of hydrogen technology while considering its economic, geopolitical, and environmental implications. Hydrogen Power: A Historical Overview and the Basics of Fuel Cells The episode begins by dispelling the notion of hydrogen power as a futuristic concept, highlighting its long history dating back to the 19th century. The hosts point to the development of the first working hydrogen fuel cell in 1842 and its use in powering tractors by 1959, culminating in its application in the Gemini 3 space mission in 1965. The hosts explain that a fuel cell facilitates a controlled chemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen to generate electricity, producing water as a byproduct. This process, distinct from direct combustion, offers a cleaner and more efficient energy conversion method. The "Duck Problem" and the Need for Energy Storage The hosts introduce the "duck problem," a concept illustrating the mismatch between peak solar energy generation (mid-day) and peak energy consumption (evenings). This disparity underscores the need for efficient energy storage solutions to bridge the gap between supply and demand. They discuss the limitations of current approaches like home batteries, especially as electric vehicle adoption increases, putting further strain on the grid during peak hours. Hydrogen Cars vs. Battery-Powered Vehicles: A Comparative Analysis The episode delves into the potential of hydrogen-powered cars, referencing President George W. Bush's 2003 State of the Union address, which touted hydrogen cars as a key solution to reducing pollution. However, the hosts acknowledge the challenges associated with hydrogen cars, particularly the issue of energy density. While hydrogen boasts high energy density by weight, its low energy density by volume necessitates bulky and expensive high-pressure tanks cooled to extremely low temperatures. This logistical hurdle makes battery-powered vehicles a more practical option for personal transportation. Safety concerns related to hydrogen storage are also addressed, with the hosts emphasizing that compressed hydrogen, despite the high pressures involved, dissipates much quicker than gasoline in the event of a container rupture, making it arguably safer than traditional fuel tanks. The Role of Infrastructure and Efficiency Considerations The episode underscores the importance of a robust infrastructure for widespread hydrogen adoption, noting the need for a network of refueling stations equipped with specialized high-pressure storage and dispensing systems. This infrastructure development poses a significant cost barrier compared to setting up charging stations for electric vehicles. Efficiency losses associated with hydrogen production, storage, and conversion are also acknowledged, with the hosts emphasizing that the overall process results in a significant energy penalty. The Colorful World of Hydrogen Production: Green, Gray, and Blue The episode examines various methods of hydrogen production, categorized by their environmental impact: Green hydrogen: Produced through electrolysis using renewable energy sources, this method is considered the most sustainable but currently represents a tiny fraction of global production. Gray hydrogen: Derived from steam methane reforming of natural gas, this process is the most common but releases significant amounts of CO2. Blue hydrogen: Similar to gray hydrogen but incorporates carbon capture technology to reduce emissions, though at a higher production cost. The hosts highlight the economic and logistical factors driving the dominance of gray hydrogen, emphasizing the current reliance on fossil fuels and the use of hydrogen as an intermediate product in industries like fertilizer production and petroleum refining. The Potential of Green Hydrogen and Shifting Economic Landscapes The declining costs of renewable energy sources, particularly wind and solar, are presented as a promising trend that could make green hydrogen more economically viable in the future. The episode also explores factors that could further increase the attractiveness of green hydrogen: Vulnerability to Disruptions: The decentralized nature of electrolytic hydrogen production makes it less susceptible to disruptions caused by natural disasters or geopolitical conflicts. Water Economy: Hydrogen fuel cells produce distilled water as a byproduct, offering potential benefits for water-stressed regions. Reduced Reliance on Rare Earth Metals: Advances in fuel cell technology are reducing the amount of platinum required, potentially mitigating the ethical and environmental concerns associated with rare earth metal mining. Hydrogen Power in Heavy Lift Applications: Ships, Trucks, and Beyond Recognizing the limitations of hydrogen in personal vehicles, the episode shifts focus to its potential in heavy lift applications like cargo ships, trucks, and buses. These sectors offer greater economies of scale, justifying the investment in expensive equipment and infrastructure. The Case for Hydrogen-Powered Cargo Ships The episode makes a compelling case for hydrogen-powered cargo ships, citing a 2020 study by the International Council on Clean Transportation, which found that 99% of trans-Pacific voyages could have been powered by hydrogen with minimal modifications to existing ships. The hosts highlight the environmental benefits of replacing heavy fuel oil (bunker fuel) with hydrogen, particularly in the context of the increasing use of Arctic shipping routes, which pose significant risks to the fragile polar ecosystem. Iceland and Hawaii: Models for Hydrogen-Based Energy Export The episode examines the experiences of Iceland and Hawaii, both of which have invested in hydrogen technology and renewable energy programs. While early attempts to implement hydrogen-powered transportation faced challenges, their strong renewable energy infrastructure positions them as potential exporters of green hydrogen. The strategic location of these islands along major shipping routes makes them ideal hubs for supplying hydrogen fuel to vessels traversing the increasingly navigable Arctic waters. Geopolitical Implications of Arctic Shipping and Hydrogen Production The episode delves into the geopolitical implications of a future dominated by Arctic shipping routes, highlighting the competition between nations for control and influence in the region. The melting Arctic ice opens up shorter shipping routes, reducing travel times and costs but also raising concerns about environmental damage and resource exploitation. The episode focuses on the potential for the United States to leverage its Alaskan territory, which boasts significant offshore wind potential and a strategic location for hydrogen production and distribution. The development of a hydrogen-based fuel economy in the Arctic could bolster American influence while promoting environmental protection. Hydrogen: A Unique and Abundant Resource The episode concludes by emphasizing the unique characteristics of hydrogen as an energy source, contrasting its abundance and potential for decreasing production costs with the finite nature and eventual depletion of fossil fuels. The hosts draw parallels between the historical progression of energy sources (wood, coal, oil) and communication technologies (telegraph, radio, internet), suggesting that hydrogen, like the internet, has the potential to democratize access to energy and reshape global systems. Challenges and Considerations for a Just and Sustainable Hydrogen Economy The episode acknowledges the need to address the social and environmental challenges associated with a hydrogen-based energy system: Ensuring Equitable Access: The potential for low-cost hydrogen production raises questions about how to guarantee access as a human right and prevent its monopolization by powerful entities. Protecting Local Ecologies and Communities: The harvesting of renewable energy for hydrogen production must be done in a way that minimizes environmental impacts and respects the rights of indigenous communities. The episode leaves listeners with a sense of optimism about the potential of hydrogen power while urging thoughtful consideration of the social, political, and environmental complexities surrounding its implementation. It encourages engagement in informed discussions about the design of institutional frameworks that ensure a just and sustainable hydrogen economy.   For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" takes listeners on a captivating journey through the history of cannabis, from its ancient origins as a medicinal and spiritual plant to its demonization and criminalization in modern America. Hosts Andy and Nash, joined by guest Matt, weave a narrative that highlights the cultural, religious, and political forces that have shaped our relationship with this versatile plant. Cannabis in the Ancient World: Medicine, Spirituality, and Everyday Life: The episode begins by dispelling the misconception that cannabis use is a recent phenomenon. Archaeological evidence suggests that humanity has cultivated marijuana for at least 10,000 years, initially as a source of hemp fiber for textiles and rope. Its medicinal applications emerged later, with the earliest recorded use attributed to the legendary Chinese emperor and deity, Shennong, around 2700 BCE. Shennong, revered as the "Father of Farming," is credited with introducing various agricultural practices, including the use of plants for medicinal purposes. He believed that cannabis could effectively treat a wide range of ailments, from gout and malaria to rheumatism. His insights are documented in the ancient Chinese text, "The Divine Farmer's Herb-Root Classic," a testament to the long-standing tradition of cannabis as a healing plant in Chinese culture. The episode emphasizes that ancient cannabis use extended beyond mere medicinal applications. It played a significant role in spiritual and religious practices, particularly in ancient Asia. Evidence suggests that cannabis was used in burial rituals and shamanic ceremonies, highlighting its perceived connection to the divine and the afterlife. Cannabis on the Move: Spreading Along the Silk Road: From its origins in China and India, cannabis spread westward along the Silk Road, reaching Mesopotamia, Egypt, and eventually Europe. As it traveled, it was integrated into diverse cultures and adopted for various purposes. In India, cannabis became associated with the Hindu god Shiva, often referred to as the "Lord of the Bong," reflecting its continued role in spiritual practices. The Scythians, a nomadic people who roamed the Eurasian steppes, also embraced cannabis, using it for both medicinal and recreational purposes. The ancient Greek historian Herodotus documented their practice of throwing hemp onto hot stones in saunas to create a steam bath infused with cannabis. The Shift in America: From Cash Crop to Demonized Drug: The episode then traces the trajectory of cannabis in America, noting its initial arrival with European colonists in the 17th century. Primarily used as a source of hemp fiber, it became a valuable cash crop for producing rope, clothing, and paper. Even the Founding Fathers cultivated cannabis, demonstrating its widespread acceptance and economic importance during this period. However, the perception of cannabis began to shift in the mid-19th century, influenced by the introduction of its medicinal properties to the West by Irish doctor William Brooke O'Shaughnessy. This newfound medical interest coincided with the growing popularity of smoking cannabis recreationally among marginalized communities, particularly jazz musicians and Mexican immigrant workers. The episode argues that this association of cannabis with minority groups fueled a racist campaign to demonize the drug and associate it with crime and social unrest. The term "marijuana," derived from the Spanish word for the plant, was intentionally adopted to distance it from its medicinal uses and emphasize its perceived foreign and dangerous nature. The Rise of Prohibition and the War on Drugs: The demonization of cannabis culminated in the passage of the Marijuana Tax Act of 1937, effectively outlawing its sale and use throughout America. This legislation, spearheaded by Harry Anslinger, the head of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics, was fueled by racist propaganda and unfounded claims about the drug's purported dangers. The episode highlights the role of the infamous propaganda film "Reefer Madness" (1936) in solidifying the public's perception of cannabis as a gateway to insanity, violence, and social decay. This film, riddled with exaggerated claims and blatant fear-mongering, became a powerful tool in Anslinger's campaign to demonize cannabis and justify its prohibition. The episode then fast-forwards to the 1970s, when President Richard Nixon declared a "War on Drugs," further intensifying the criminalization of cannabis. This policy, rooted in political motivations and a desire to target anti-war protesters, led to the classification of marijuana as a Schedule I narcotic, placing it alongside heroin and LSD. The Legacy of Prohibition: Mass Incarceration and a Thriving Black Market: The episode explores the devastating consequences of cannabis prohibition, particularly its disproportionate impact on Black and Hispanic communities. The "zero tolerance" policies of the Reagan era led to a surge in arrests and incarcerations for non-violent drug offenses, fueling the growth of the prison industrial complex and perpetuating systemic racial injustices. The episode also discusses the unintended consequence of prohibition: the creation of a thriving black market. The criminalization of cannabis did not eradicate its use but rather pushed it underground, empowering criminal organizations and generating billions of dollars in untaxed revenue. A Shifting Tide: Towards Decriminalization and Legalization: The episode concludes with a hopeful note, acknowledging the growing movement to decriminalize and legalize cannabis across the United States. As of 2020, over half of the states have either decriminalized or fully legalized marijuana, reflecting a gradual shift in public perception and a recognition of the failures of prohibition. Despite these advances, cannabis remains federally illegal, creating a complex legal landscape and hindering the development of a regulated and equitable industry. The episode highlights the challenges faced by businesses operating in this legal gray area, particularly the difficulties in accessing banking services and securing insurance. The episode ends with a call for continued reform, emphasizing the need to address the legacy of racial injustice stemming from the War on Drugs and to create a fair and equitable system that benefits all members of society. It leaves listeners with a deeper understanding of the complex history of cannabis, prompting reflection on the societal and political forces that have shaped our relationship with this plant and the ongoing need to challenge outdated policies and prejudices. To get more content from Nash, follow her on social media at @itsnashflynn, and look out for her book coming out at www.breadandrosespress.com in 2025! For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with Kristen and Shar from AK Press, an anarchist worker-run publishing and distribution collective. The discussion focuses on how AK Press operates as a non-hierarchical collective, the challenges of existing as an anarchist business within a capitalist system, and AK Press's unique role in promoting radical thought and literature. AK Press: A Collectively Run Publishing House Kristen, a publicist in the publishing department, and Shar, a worker in the distribution department, explain that AK Press is a collectively run and non-hierarchical organization. This means that all members are self-identified anarchists, receive equal pay, and participate in decision-making. All books published by AK Press are chosen through collective discussion and voting, even those on topics or by authors that may not be familiar to the collective. This process involves reading manuscripts, assigning readers, discussing submissions, and engaging in open communication about the work and the direction of the publishing program. Kristen highlights the values that guide AK Press's publishing program, including abolition, Black anarchism, Indigenous anarchism, trans and queer insurrection, mutual aid, transformative justice, and labor organizing. She emphasizes that these values drive the selection of books that not only educate but also challenge readers and potentially "open the minds of people who are not familiar with anarchism". Shar discusses the significance of AK Press's distribution department, which carries thousands of books from smaller presses. This allows AK Press to provide a platform for these smaller publishers and offer a wider variety of radical literature to its readers. Shar emphasizes the value of making these books accessible to people who might not otherwise find them, particularly during times when access to physical bookstores is limited, such as during the COVID-19 pandemic. Living Anarchist Ideals in a Capitalist System The conversation explores the challenges of living anarchist ideals within a system that inherently contradicts those ideals. The participants acknowledge the inherent contradictions of operating an anarchist business within a capitalist framework. They note that the materials used to produce and distribute their books, such as paper, packaging, and computers, are all products of exploitative labor within the capitalist economy. Despite these contradictions, Kristen and Shar emphasize that AK Press remains committed to its political project of promoting anarchist thought and working towards a more just and equitable world. They believe that the collective decision-making process, shared values, and trust among members are essential for navigating these challenges and maintaining their commitment to their political project. Kristen and Shar argue that the collective work structure at AK Press is more fulfilling and empowering than traditional hierarchical work environments. They describe a sense of shared responsibility and ownership over their work, highlighting the satisfaction that comes from seeing their efforts directly contribute to the success of the collective and the advancement of their political project. They contrast this with the alienation and lack of agency often experienced in traditional workplaces where employees are expected to simply follow orders from superiors. The Impact of the "Post-Truth" Era The discussion also touches upon the unique opportunities presented by the so-called "post-truth" era, characterized by widespread distrust of traditional media and institutions. The participants suggest that this distrust has created a space for alternative viewpoints and sources of information, including radical media like AK Press. They argue that AK Press's long-standing reputation for publishing high-quality radical literature has become even more valuable in a world where information is constantly being questioned and challenged. Kristen and Shar believe that the "post-truth" era has led to an increased interest in alternative perspectives and a willingness to engage with radical ideas. They see this as a positive development, as it allows AK Press to reach a wider audience and potentially influence more people to think critically about the world around them. They also highlight the importance of AK Press continuing to publish and distribute radical literature that can provide tools and knowledge for people seeking alternatives to the dominant narratives and systems of power. Looking Towards the Future Looking towards the future, Kristen and Shar express optimism about the growth of AK Press and the increasing visibility of radical media. They believe that the demand for alternative viewpoints will continue to grow, creating new opportunities for AK Press to reach a wider audience and influence the broader social and political landscape. They emphasize the importance of AK Press remaining responsive to the needs of its community and continuing to publish books that provide valuable insights and tools for social change. Shar highlights the importance of AK Press's "Black Dawn" speculative fiction series as a way to engage with radical ideas through imaginative storytelling. This series, which includes titles like "A Country of Ghosts" by Margaret Killjoy and "Grievers" by adrienne maree brown, explores the possibilities of anarchist societies and provides a different entry point for those who might be intimidated by traditional theoretical texts. Kristen and Shar conclude by discussing AK Press's "Friends of AK" program, a subscription service that provides members with monthly books, discounts, and the option to sponsor books for incarcerated individuals. They also recommend several books that they are particularly excited about, including "After the Revolution" by Robert Evans, "A Profession Without Reason" by Bruce E. Levine, "Overcoming Capitalism" by Tom Wetzel, "Release Weight of Our Stars" by Octavia Alvarez, and "A Country of Ghosts" by Margaret Killjoy. AK Press is one of the oldest worker run, collectively managed publishers and distributors in the US. To order books from them, visit www.akpress.org and find them across social medias! For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with Garrison Davis, a writer and podcaster from Cool Zone Media, a left-leaning media collective. They discuss the challenges of creating anarchist media within a capitalist framework, strategies for reaching a wider audience, and Cool Zone Media's vision for the future. Cool Zone Media: An Anti-Collapse Collective Garrison introduces Cool Zone Media as a collective of individuals working on projects related to societal collapse and potential responses to it. He clarifies that they use "collapse" as a marketing term and are more focused on exploring solutions and fostering a sense of agency in the face of societal challenges. He emphasizes that Cool Zone Media's content aims to offer alternatives to the "doomer" mentality that often accompanies discussions of collapse, encouraging individuals to see opportunities for social change amidst the unraveling. Navigating the Media Ecosystem The conversation explores Cool Zone Media's position within the larger media ecosystem. Garrison describes their work as a "fifth estate," existing outside of mainstream media but close enough to potentially draw in audiences accustomed to more traditional outlets. They acknowledge the challenge of balancing their radical politics with the need to reach a wider audience, recognizing that creating media solely for anarchists would limit their impact and financial sustainability. The Financial Realities of Anarchist Media Production The episode addresses the financial realities of producing anarchist media within a capitalist system. Garrison explains that Cool Zone Media accepts funding from corporations, viewing it as a way to support their team and create content critical of capitalism. They argue that taking money from corporations to produce anti-capitalist media is a "scam" they are comfortable with, especially given the limited financial viability of relying solely on support from other individuals with limited resources. They acknowledge the inherent contradictions of this approach but ultimately embrace the absurdity of the situation. Strategies for Expanding Reach and Impact Garrison outlines Cool Zone Media's approach to expanding their reach and impact. They aim to introduce radical ideas to a wider audience by connecting with popular culture and current events. They also emphasize the importance of making their content freely accessible, avoiding paywalls or subscriptions that could limit their audience. Cool Zone Media also seeks to support other creators with aligned political perspectives by offering them opportunities to contribute to their projects and receive compensation for their work. Looking to the Future Looking towards the future, Garrison expresses a desire to expand Cool Zone Media beyond podcasts into other mediums like documentary filmmaking. They acknowledge the financial constraints of pursuing these ambitions while also emphasizing their commitment to constantly creating new content and seeking out new collaborators. Garrison concludes by expressing optimism about the growing visibility of radical media and its potential to break into the mainstream in the coming years. To check out Cool Zone Media, visit them on social media at @CoolZoneMedia Support this podcast by becoming a Patron at: https://www.patreon.com/PoorProlesAlmanac For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with members of the anarchist media collective "It's Going Down" (IGD). They discuss the evolution of anarchist media, the challenges of operating in a digital landscape dominated by social media, and the importance of grounding media projects in real-world action and community building. Reflecting on a Decade of Anarchist Media The conversation begins by tracing the origins of IGD back to the insurrectionist anarchist movement that gained prominence around a decade prior to the recording of the episode. The participants note that IGD emerged from a community of individuals who were actively involved in both direct action and media production, fostering a strong connection between the platform and the broader anarchist movement. They contrast this with other anarchist media models, such as open submission platforms where content is less curated or publications with a more static editorial process, highlighting IGD's unique position within the anarchist media ecosystem. The Pitfalls of Social Media-First Organizing A key theme of the discussion is the limitations of social media as a primary tool for organizing and building movements. The participants argue that social media can foster a sense of detachment and abstraction, leading to conversations that are more focused on theoretical debates and online identities than on concrete action and real-world relationships. They point to the proliferation of short-lived, social media-driven initiatives that often lack the depth and sustained engagement necessary for meaningful change. The conversation critiques the tendency to prioritize the "aesthetics of the result" over the often tedious and unglamorous work of building relationships, organizing logistics, and engaging in sustained struggle. The participants emphasize that relying solely on social media to mobilize people for actions without the groundwork of community building and long-term organizing often leads to fleeting bursts of activity that dissipate quickly. They argue that the current generation of activists is confronting the limits of social media organizing, particularly in the wake of the George Floyd rebellion and the subsequent decline in street protests. The Value of Localism and Grounded Action The participants advocate for a shift away from social media-centric approaches towards a model that prioritizes localism, grounded action, and the cultivation of meaningful relationships outside of the digital realm. They highlight the importance of regional counter-information sites and media projects that are deeply embedded within specific communities, serving as hubs for information sharing, analysis, and the development of local strategies. They suggest that these localized initiatives can provide the necessary context and material grounding for conversations about tactics, strategies, and political analysis, allowing for a more nuanced and effective approach to organizing. They also stress the importance of face-to-face interaction and offline relationship building, emphasizing that these connections form the bedrock of resilient and sustainable movements. Building a Left Media Ecosystem: Beyond Social Media The discussion then turns to the broader question of building a left media ecosystem that can effectively challenge the dominance of corporate media and reach wider audiences. The participants explore various strategies, such as breaking into mainstream media outlets, utilizing radio and alternative streaming platforms, and creating content that resonates with audiences who are disillusioned with both corporate media and the existing political establishment. They acknowledge the challenges of competing with well-funded right-wing media networks that have mastered the art of manipulating algorithms and exploiting online platforms. However, they also highlight the unique strengths of radical media, particularly its ability to take uncompromising positions and speak truth to power without the constraints of corporate interests or the need to appease advertisers. The Importance of Strategy and Sustainability The participants emphasize the importance of approaching media projects with a clear strategic vision and a commitment to sustainability. They advise aspiring media creators to carefully consider their goals, their target audience, and the resources available to them before embarking on a new project. They encourage collaboration with existing initiatives and emphasize the need to focus efforts on projects that genuinely contribute to the broader strategic goals of the movement. They also stress the need to develop independent infrastructure, such as self-hosted websites and servers, to avoid reliance on corporate platforms that can censor or de-platform radical content. They advocate for building capacity from the beginning, ensuring that projects can scale and adapt to changing circumstances without compromising their principles or their independence. Embracing Multiplicity and Rejecting Absolutism The conversation concludes with a reflection on the importance of embracing multiplicity and rejecting the search for absolute truths in both media projects and political organizing. The participants argue that the inherent diversity of perspectives and experiences within anarchist and leftist movements is a strength, not a weakness, and that the ability to engage with difference and navigate complexity is essential for building effective and resilient movements. They caution against the pitfalls of social media discourse, which often encourages rigid thinking and a tendency towards absolutism, and instead advocate for a more fluid and adaptable approach that is grounded in the realities of local contexts and the ever-changing dynamics of social struggle. They emphasize that the goal is not to find a single, universal truth, but rather to create spaces for dialogue, experimentation, and the constant evolution of ideas and strategies. The episode provides a nuanced and insightful perspective on the challenges and opportunities of building anarchist media in the age of social media. The conversation moves beyond simple critiques of online platforms and offers concrete suggestions for developing sustainable, impactful media projects that are grounded in real-world action, community building, and a commitment to embracing the multiplicity of perspectives within the broader anarchist movement. You can find them on social media at @Itsgoingdown and their website is www.itsgoingdown.org For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/  

This episode of "The Poor Proles Almanac" features a conversation with Charles McBryde, an organizer living in Ukraine and working to provide medical care and resources to civilians affected by the ongoing war. The discussion explores the realities of war, the challenges of providing aid in a conflict zone, and the complex political and social dynamics at play in Ukraine. Beyond the Headlines: Addressing Secondary and Tertiary Effects of War McBryde highlights the often overlooked secondary and tertiary effects of war, focusing on the plight of individuals with chronic illnesses and cancer patients who have lost access to vital medications and treatments. He details his work in collecting donated oncology treatments from Europe and shipping them to besieged cities like Kharkiv, emphasizing the crucial need for insulin, thyroid medication, asthma inhalers, and other essential medical supplies. The conversation underscores the broader impact of the conflict on the lives of ordinary people, including food shortages, disrupted supply chains, and the displacement of millions. McBryde describes the situation as the "largest humanitarian crisis that has happened this quickly since the second world war," noting that over 10 million people are internally displaced within Ukraine, with millions more anticipated to become refugees. This rapid displacement, he explains, stands in stark contrast to the Syrian conflict, which took several years to produce a similar number of refugees. Western Aid and the Question of Equity While acknowledging the generosity of Western nations and the outpouring of support for Ukraine, McBryde raises the issue of equity in humanitarian aid distribution. He points out the stark difference in the level of international mobilization compared to conflicts in Yemen or Syria, suggesting that geographical proximity and cultural kinship play a role in shaping Western responses to humanitarian crises. He also critiques the tendency to deflect from the Ukrainian crisis by invoking other conflicts, arguing that each situation deserves individual attention and support. Navigating Propaganda and Disinformation McBryde and the host, Andy, discuss the challenges of discerning truth from propaganda in the context of the war, acknowledging the pervasiveness of disinformation from both Russian and Western sources. They express concern about the effectiveness of Russian propaganda, particularly its ability to exploit pre-existing discontent among certain segments of the left and right in Western nations. They also lament the left's response to the conflict, criticizing those who have uncritically embraced Russian narratives or downplayed the suffering of Ukrainians. The Evolving Ukrainian Identity and the Role of Nationalism McBryde describes his evolving understanding of Ukrainian identity and nationalism, acknowledging the flaws of Ukraine as a democracy while also recognizing the genuine desire for self-determination among its people. He notes that the conflict has fostered a sense of unity and solidarity among Ukrainians from diverse regions and linguistic backgrounds, setting aside historical divisions and prejudices. This newfound unity, he suggests, is rooted in a shared resistance to Russian aggression and a desire to break free from the legacy of Soviet domination. The Blurring of Ideological Lines in Wartime McBryde reflects on the complexities of war and its impact on individual beliefs and allegiances. He shares his personal struggle with grappling with the presence of far-right groups like the Azov Battalion within the Ukrainian resistance, admitting that he now finds himself hoping for their survival despite his previous opposition to their ideology. He attributes this shift to witnessing the shared sacrifices and camaraderie among Ukrainian fighters, regardless of their political affiliations. McBryde describes the war as a "death of ideology," where pragmatism and survival often override pre-existing beliefs. He cites examples of anarchists fighting alongside members of the Azov Battalion and Jewish individuals finding themselves embedded with the same group due to the exigencies of the conflict. These unexpected alliances, he suggests, highlight the fluid and often unpredictable nature of war, where traditional ideological boundaries can become blurred. The Lasting Impact of War and the Specter of Future Conflicts McBryde concludes by emphasizing the profound and often messy consequences of war, both on individuals and societies. He warns that the conflict will have a lasting impact on Ukraine, leaving behind a legacy of trauma, division, and potentially, the glorification of groups like the Azov Battalion. He also draws parallels between the Ukrainian conflict and the situation in Rojava, highlighting the complexities of navigating alliances with powerful actors like the United States, even when those actors are pursuing their own interests. McBryde expresses concern that the rise of resource wars and conflicts driven by climate change will present further challenges to the left, forcing individuals to confront difficult choices and grapple with the nuances of complex geopolitical realities. The episode offers a firsthand perspective on the human cost of war and the challenges of providing aid in a conflict zone. McBryde's personal reflections provide a nuanced and thought-provoking exploration of the ethical dilemmas and the blurring of ideological lines that often accompany wartime. The conversation also raises important questions about the future of conflict in a world increasingly shaped by climate change and resource scarcity. To support Charles's work getting medical supplies to citizens in need, visit: https://missionkharkiv.com/ For Charles's social medias, find him @CharlesMcBryde For sources, transcripts, and to read more about this subject, visit: www.agroecologies.org To support this podcast, join our patreon for early, commercial-free episode access at https://www.patreon.com/poorprolesalmanac For PPA Restoration Content, visit: www.restorationagroecology.com For PPA Merch, visit: www.poorproles.com For PPA Native Plants, visit: www.nativenurseries.org To hear Tomorrow, Today, our sister podcast, visit: www.tomorrowtodaypodcast.org/