Night Science

Edward Tufte, a data visualization guru and author, shares insights from his latest book, emphasizing the concept of the 'thinking eye'—the art of observing data with fresh, unfiltered curiosity. He introduces 'vacation eyes,' the idea of seeing environments anew to unlock unique perspectives. Tufte discusses his observations of heart surgeries, blending medicine and tech innovations. He also highlights the critical role of graphical representation in bridging art and data, advocating for transparency in research practices to combat publication biases.

Shafi Goldwasser received the Turing Award – the “Nobel Prize of Computing” – in 2012. She needs no introduction to anyone working in computer science or cryptology, a field she essentially founded as a theoretical discipline. Shafi is a professor at both MIT and the Weizmann Institute in Israel, as well as being the director of the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing at Berkeley. In this episode, Shafi tells us how her favourite scientific ideas are akin to a good joke: they catch you off guard with something unexpected. We discuss how even the most abstract work almost always starts from a concrete example, and how feeling comfortable expressing your ideas is the basis of good collaborations.For more information on Night Science, visit https://www.biomedcentral.com/collections/night-science .

Uri Alon, a professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science in Israel, is best known for his contributions to systems biology. But Uri is also famous for his very joyful and playful attitude to science, which is memorable for anyone who’s ever heard him speak (or sing). Uri’s research is exceptionally broad in terms of the fields he covers, which is one reason why he is one of today’s most cited researchers. We talked with Uri about a wide range of topics: about improvisation in science, about how to get unstuck, about how presentations can be creative and a chance to learn, and about how science needs all kinds of personalities to make progress. Uri discussed how to enter a new field, learn the field-specific language, and bring a new angle to it – by going into the ‘cloud’ and tackling the unknown. In thinking about how to train students to be creative, Uri talked about how we each have an internal tuning fork, which aligns with certain types of scientific problems that match our personality. For more information on Night Science, visit www.night-science.org .

Agnel Sfeir, a leading scientist at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, dives into the intricacies of cell biology, focusing on telomeres and mitochondria. She reveals her unique approach to research, emphasizing the value of 'thinking selfishly' to generate ideas. Agnel discusses mentoring strategies tailored to different thinking styles and explains how the most significant insights often surface in the final moments of meetings. With a passion for science, she highlights the thrill of chasing knowledge gaps and the importance of creativity and collaboration in research.

Nikolaus Rajewsky is the founding director of the Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology. After studying Physics, he moved into systems biology, studying the role of RNA in gene regulation. In this episode, Nikolaus talks about how his training as a physicist enlightens his approach to biological problems. He also studied piano at the Folkwang University of the Arts, which gives him a unique perspective on the relationship between creativity in the arts and in the sciences. We enjoyed hearing about how he steps back from a problem to come back in a better way. Listen to this episode if you’re interested in how bringing together different disciplines creates a space for creativity.For more information on Night Science, visit www.night-science.org .

Professor Bill Martin from Düsseldorf University is a leading evolutionary biologist, who has made fundamental contributions to our understanding of the origins of eukaryotes, the cell nucleus, and life itself. In this episode, Bill reveals how he chooses a research question and boosts his creativity. He also discusses the pitfalls of exploratory data analysis and the perils of working in highly crowded fields. And he challenges us: whenever a visitor gives a talk at your institute – think of the most interesting question. You owe it to the visitor, and it’ll give you ideas.   For more information on Night Science, visit www.night-science.org .

Steven Strogatz, one of the world’s foremost applied mathematicians, is a Professor at Cornell University.  While biologists have evolution as a guiding principle, mathematicians have beauty, economy, and connectivity, as Steve tells us. He explains how he ruthlessly simplifies a problem to the point where - while it still seems impossible - it is down to its bare essentials. That’s when he attacks. We talk about how in science you must stick your neck out with bold assertions, even if you might get your head chopped off as a consequence. While we typically highlight the objective aspects of science, Steve points out how the subjective aspects of personal taste and style are just as important for choosing and solving problems . For more information on Night Science, visit www.night-science.org .

Professor Sam Morris from Washington University in St. Louis is elucidating how cells make developmental decisions as they navigate the space of cell identity. She had a rocky start in science, but falling in love with her projects led her to stick it out. Luckily so: she now runs a highly successful and highly creative lab. Sam thoughtfully discusses  how terminology - such as ‘dead end states’ versus ‘partially reprogrammed states’ - can influence the interpretation of results in a project. She also allowed us to peek into her lab meetings: every time, in addition to the progress reports on ongoing projects, one person presents a bold, new idea on any topic.For more information on Night Science, visit www.night-science.org .

Ruth Lehmann, a distinguished biology professor at MIT and director of the Whitehead Institute, shares her insights on scientific creativity. She emphasizes the art of observing and listening as keys to innovation. Discussing 'Saturday afternoon experiments,' she highlights playful inquiry as crucial for stimulating research. Ruth explores 'killer experiments' that challenge existing hypotheses and the importance of fostering collaboration in scientific environments. Her approach nurtures creativity and drives groundbreaking discoveries among researchers.

Tom McLeish discusses the similarities between the creative processes of science and art, explaining the 'a-ha' moment of discovery. The podcast explores the significance of imagination in scientific education, the intersection of science and creativity, and the interplay of emotion and bias in science. It also touches on enhancing creativity through collaboration, the role of perseverance in scientific endeavors, and merging poetry with theory in science.