Some men label themselves alphas - citing an old study on wolves, but surprisingly the results might not be as applicable to humans (or even wolves) as you might have thought… You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading Wolf Packs https://animals.howstuffworks.com/mammals/wolf-pack-mentality.htm https://www.wolf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/267alphastatus_english.pdf https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21963347 https://wolf.org/wolf-info/basic-wolf-info/wolf-faqs/#toggle-id-21 https://www.jstor.org/stable/3881436 Animal Social Behaviour & Hierarchies  https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20180925-with-females-in-charge-bonobo-society-is-more-chilled-out http://amydprice.com/hypertext_narrative/primates_research.pdf https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bonobo-sex-and-society-2006-06/ https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/bonobo https://www.britannica.com/video/193398/bonobos-humans https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/07/3/l_073_03.html https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.newscientist.com/article/2180434-the-7-non-human-mammals-where-females-rule-the-roost/amp/ Human Alpha Studies https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30978215/ https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0165025407084054 Alpha Male Pseudoscience https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.forbes.com/sites/danidiplacido/2021/01/26/the-pseudoscience-behind-the-sigma-male-explained/amp/ https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/alpha-male-alpha-chimpanzee-primatologist-frans-de-waal-a8421291.html%3Famp https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.businessinsider.com/no-such-thing-alpha-male-2016-10%3Famp https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=YTyQgwVvYyc http://davemech.org/wolf-news-and-information/schenkels-classic-wolf-behavior-study-available-in-english/ http://davemech.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/ExpressionstudiesP.1-10.pdf https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tNtFgdwTsbU https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=BPsSKKL8N0s Follow the SCI GUYS @notcorry / @jampkin / @lukecutforth

Ever seen or heard something as you were half asleep and woken up to realise it wasn’t there? Hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations are actually fairly common! You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading Hallucinations https://www.britannica.com/science/hallucination/Chemical-factors https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/hallucinations-hearing-voices/ Hypnagogic & Hypnopompic Hallucinations https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4988750/ https://www.researchgate.net/publication/14313158_Hypnagogic_and_Hypnopompic_Hallucinations_Pathological_Phenomena https://www.scielo.br/j/anp/a/C9cqbVby3nqWJrKYLvBngkk/?lang=en https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/IJoDR/article/view/71170 https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-23739-8_8 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(18)30138-X/fulltext https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1RvBvYrklXM https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-87318-4 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/hypnagogia https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012375038900008X https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6638 Other Parasomnias & Related Effects https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20120522-suffer-from-sleep-shudders https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781437703269000282 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11030656/ https://science.sciencemag.org/content/290/5490/350?hwshib2=authn%3A1628867368%3A20210812%253Aed134caf-83e8-4fd7-9799-0ea1e0c31419%3A0%3A0%3A0%3AyeqVACDJVH2x2dHe%2FPUbZw%3D%3D https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560817/ https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/narcolepsy/ Follow the SCI GUYS @notcorry / @jampkin / @lukecutforth

Myers Briggs types are scientific evaluation of your personality… or at least that’s how they’re sold. Turns out that they might be barely more scientific than your horoscope. You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading What is MBTI? https://www.16personalities.com/free-personality-test https://www.mbtionline.com/en-US/Articles/2017/July/What-do-the-letters-in-the-Myers-Briggs-test-stand-for https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554596/ https://www.16personalities.com/country-profiles/global/world The Origins of MBTI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NQqSnkI32A https://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/isabel-briggs-myers.htm https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06614- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carl-Jung/Character-of-his-psychotherapy https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264783017_Isabel_Briggs_Myers_Psychological_Type_and_the_Spirit_of_CG_Jung Is the MBTI Test Scientific & Useful? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dkQiYiXxmjg https://quoteinvestigator.com/tag/carl-jung/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26851600/ https://www.livescience.com/amp/65513-does-myers-briggs-personality-test-work.html https://jobtalk.indiana.edu/HRMWebsite/hrm/articles/develop/mbti.pdf https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.3102/00346543063004467 vox.com/platform/amp/2014/7/15/5881947/myers-briggs-personality-test-meaningless https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/014920639602200103 https://amp.theguardian.com/science/brain-flapping/2013/mar/19/myers-briggs-test-unscientific https://pages.uoregon.edu/sanjay/bigfive.html

Robots are becoming more and more human-like, but something weird happens when things become too human without quite making it all the way - we start to hate them… This is the uncanny valley, and you’ll find a lot of things in it. You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading https://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/2005/RBC05-007.pdf https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/medu.14184 https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-uncanny-valley https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/507812 https://www.jneurosci.org/content/39/33/6555 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-uncanny-valley-human-look-alikes-put-us-on-edge/ https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/scientists-identify-possible-source-of-the-uncanny-valley-in-the-brain https://www.jneurosci.org/content/39/33/6555 https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4557950 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6211702/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556781/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4392592/ https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/medu.14184 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25762967/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32526760/ https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20130901-is-the-uncanny-valley-reallist_works&sortby=pubdate

Some children tell stories about lives they used to live… Are they just playing pretend or is this proof of reincarnation? Maybe science has some answers…  You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading Past Lives, Jim Tucker & UVA’s Division of Perceptual Studies https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550830708000943 https://med.virginia.edu/perceptual-studies/our-research/children-who-report-memories-of-previous-lives/ https://med.virginia.edu/perceptual-studies/resources/advice-to-parents-of-children-who-are-spontaneously-recalling-past-life-memories/ https://www.vice.com/en/article/jgqygg/hard-science-of-reincarnation-past-lives https://www.npr.org/2014/01/05/259886077/searching-for-science-behind-reincarnation?t=1626790336553 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550830721000951 False Memories, Source Errors & Other Explanations https://www.livescience.com/7272-belief-reincarnation-tied-memory-errors.html https://www.livescience.com/7737-reality-reincarnation.html https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1363461503040001005 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2466/pms.1996.83.3f.1107 Past Life Regression Therapy https://www.thehypnotherapypracticeedinburgh.co.uk/why-past-life-regression-is-a-waste-of-money/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5797677/ https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/docs/default-source/members/sigs/spirituality-spsig/james-pandarakalam-a-search-for-the-truth-of-past-life-regression.pdf?sfvrsn=f5442f17_2 tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00029157.1982.10404067?needAccess=true The Egg https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6fcK_fRYaI&vl=en-GB

Some people report being unable to stop daydreaming, to the point that it takes over their entire lives. Maladaptive Daydreaming isn’t yet a recognised disorder, but it only gets more strange from there... You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading Maladaptive Daydreaming in the Media https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/the_daydream_that_never_stops https://digest.bps.org.uk/2018/06/25/people-with-maladaptive-daydreaming-spend-an-average-of-four-hours-a-day-lost-in-their-imagination/ https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/04/when-daydreaming-replaces-real-life/391319/ https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/10/at-home/daydreaming.html https://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/30/health/maladaptive-daydreaming-feature/index.html Eli Somer  https://www.youtube.com/user/SomerClinic/videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GsZ7ivOSKjQ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=loE6Cq8lUS4 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYZxHmfpcsI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_scn44bTEE https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=cIDL8CEAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate Maladpative Daydreaming https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maladaptive_daydreaming https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1053810016300460?via%3Dihub https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022395621000844 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28598955/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6426361/ https://akjournals.com/view/journals/2006/9/4/article-p1056.xml https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023/A:1020597026919.pdf https://gpsych.bmj.com/content/34/2/e100419 https://maladaptivedaydreaming.org/pages/maladaptive-daydreaming-test Pathologising, Disorders, & The DSM-5 http://www2.hawaii.edu/~heiby/overheads_classification.html https://wjh-www.harvard.edu/~dtg/KILLINGSWORTH%20&%20GILBERT%20(2010).pdf Psychopathology https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1529100617727266 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3683251/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3683251/

Scientists went hunting for the Loch Ness Monster in 2019, but the search wasn’t all it seemed to be… You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading Loch Ness Monster & The Myths https://www.livescience.com/61111-unusual-creature-sightings.html https://www.britannica.com/place/Loch-Ness-lake-Scotland-United-Kingdom https://www.lochnessproject.org/ Gimmell & His Survey https://www.livescience.com/loch-ness-monster-dna-study.html?_gl=1*e5q5rq*_ga*YW1wLVBxOEh1MnFUNHpkcG9VNHEzWmkyZWxoaURiOF9TYkc3ZUZ2QS1uVmNTSjFCZDduOFhRS0dQcXlQWkJsUzB3N1E. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-49495145 https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/sep/05/loch-ness-monster-could-be-a-giant-eel-say-scientists https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/loch-ness-monster-dna-study-reveals-plausible-explanation-for-sightings/ https://www.otago.ac.nz/news/news/otago717609.html https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/09/loch-ness-monster-just-big-eel https://gemmell-lab.otago.ac.nz/research https://gemmell-lab.otago.ac.nz/our-team https://scholar.google.co.nz/citations?hl=en&user=XGE4mdAAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/loch-ness-monster-scotland-environmental-dna-science http://www.sci-news.com/biology/eel-dna-loch-ness-07580.html https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/loch-ness-monster-how-edna-helps-us-discover-what-lurks-beneath/ https://twitter.com/ProfGemmell/status/1169748929887391744 Follow the Sci Guys @notcorry / @jampkin / @lukecutforth

Sophia the Robot is one of the most famous robots in the world, outside of those in Sci-fi. Although, there may be more fiction than fact when it comes to her artificial intelligence… You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading What is a Robot? https://www.britannica.com/technology/robot-technology Sophia The Robot https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78-1MlkxyqI https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/05/hanson-robotics-sophia-the-robot-pr-stunt-artificial-intelligence.html https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fnCQC7bLs0 https://www.hansonrobotics.com/sophia/ https://www.nationalgeographic.com/photography/article/sophia-robot-artificial-intelligence-science https://www.businessinsider.com/meet-the-first-robot-citizen-sophia-animatronic-humanoid-2017-10?r=US&IR=T https://www.forbes.com/sites/zarastone/2017/11/07/everything-you-need-to-know-about-sophia-the-worlds-first-robot-citizen/#18ede81546fa https://www.businessinsider.com/sophia-robot-hanson-robotics-other-humanoids-2017-11?r=US&IR=T Strong AI, Chinese Room & Turing Tests https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/strong-ai https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/chinese-room/ https://iep.utm.edu/chineser/ https://www.britannica.com/technology/Turing-test#ref1252405 Follow the Sci Guys @notcorry / @jampkin / @lukecutforth

This week we get sneezy and wheezy, because the plants are being sleazy. Hay Fever is one of the most common allergies in the world & there’s a lot of science behind it that might surprise you... You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading Hay Fever https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hay-fever/ https://www.britannica.com/science/hay-fever-pathology https://www.britannica.com/science/pollen https://www.britannica.com/plant/timothy https://www.britannica.com/science/rhinitis https://www.allergyuk.org/information-and-advice/statistics Antihistamines https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/antihistamines/#:~:text=How%20antihistamines%20work,which%20helps%20protect%20the%20body. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3667286/ Hay Fever In Japan https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20210317/p2a/00m/0na/029000c https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4160535/ Hay Fever Treatment https://www.imperial.ac.uk/nhli/research/research-impact/allergen-immunotherapy-in-the-treatment-of-hayfever/ https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10441602/ Follow the Sci Guys @notcorry / @jampkin / @lukecutforth

NoahFinnce joins us this week to talk about PTSD, our patron-voted topic for this month! You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: http://youtube.com/SciGuys Help keep the show running by supporting us on Patreon! http://patreon.com/sciguys If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials! Facebook http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod Twitter http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod Instagram http://instagram.com/SciGuysPod References & Further Reading 1. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/overview/#:~:text=Post%2Dtraumatic%20stress%20disorder%20(PTSD)%20is%20an%20anxiety%20disorder,stressful%2C%20frightening%20or%20distressing%20events. 2. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-and-complex-ptsd/symptoms/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181836/ 4. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/complex/ 5. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-and-complex-ptsd/symptoms/ 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32847484/ 7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29502529/ 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5604756/ Follow the Sci Guys @notcorry / @jampkin / @lukecutforth