The Dr. Jud Podcast

The Psychological Benefits of Reconceptualizing Music-Making as Mindfulness PracticeIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer and Dr. Matthew Steinfeld explore the deep connection between mindfulness and music-making. Drawing on psychology, neuroscience, and contemplative traditions, this study argues that playing music can serve as a mindfulness practice, fostering presence, flow states, and emotional resilience. By shifting attention from self-judgment to the embodied experience of sound, musicians can reduce performance anxiety, enhance focus, and deepen their connection to their craft. Whether you're a professional musician or a casual player, tune in to discover how mindfulness can transform your musical experience.Full Reference:Steinfeld, M., & Brewer, J. A. (2015). The Psychological Benefits of Reconceptualizing Music-Making as Mindfulness Practice. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 30(2), 84–89.Let's connect on Instagram

Pretreatment Brain Activation During Stroop Task Is Associated with Outcomes in Cocaine-Dependent PatientsIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer explores the relationship between brain activity and treatment outcomes for cocaine addiction. The discussion highlights a groundbreaking study that used functional MRI to measure brain activation during a cognitive control task, the Stroop test, prior to treatment. Findings reveal that activation in specific brain regions, including the anterior cingulate cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and striatum, correlates with abstinence, treatment retention, and drug-free outcomes. Dr. Brewer dives into how these neural patterns provide deeper insights into addiction recovery, showcasing the brain's role in predicting treatment success and refining behavioral therapies for substance dependence.Full Reference:Brewer, J. A., Worhunsky, P. D., Carroll, K. M., Rounsaville, B. J., & Potenza, M. N. (2008). Pretreatment brain activation during Stroop task is associated with outcomes in cocaine-dependent patients. Biological Psychiatry, 64(11), 998–1004. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.05.024Let's connect on Instagram

Development and Validation of the Behavioral Tendencies QuestionnaireIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer and Dr. Nicholas Van Dam discuss the creation of the Behavioral Tendencies Questionnaire (BTQ), a novel tool for assessing personality traits based on behavioral approach, avoidance, and equivocation. Rooted in both contemporary psychology and ancient Buddhist typologies, the BTQ categorizes individuals into three primary temperaments: Greedy/Faithful (approach-oriented), Aversive/Discerning (avoidance-oriented), and Deluded/Speculative (equivocation-oriented). This study validated the BTQ using modern psychometric techniques, demonstrating its utility for personality research and mindfulness-based interventions. Tune in to learn how these behavioral tendencies shape our interactions, decision-making, and well-being.Full Reference:Van Dam, N. T., Brown, A., Mole, T. B., Davis, J. H., Britton, W. B., & Brewer, J. A. (2015). Development and Validation of the Behavioral Tendencies Questionnaire. PLoS ONE, 10(11), e0140867. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140867Let's connect on Instagram

Mindfulness: An Emerging Treatment for Smoking and Other Addictions?In this episode, Dr. Jud unpacks the groundbreaking insights from the paper Mindfulness: An Emerging Treatment for Smoking and Other Addictions? by Judson Brewer and Lori Pbert. Discover how mindfulness leverages ancient practices to combat modern addictions by targeting the neurological reward-based habit loops. Learn how this approach fosters awareness, disenchants harmful behaviors, and supports individuals in riding out cravings. The discussion also highlights the promising results of mindfulness-based programs compared to traditional treatments, paving the way for innovative methods in addiction recovery. Tune in to explore the future of mindfulness in behavioral health and its transformative potential.Reference:Brewer J and Pbert L. Mindfulness: An Emerging Treatment for Smoking and Other Addictions? J Fam Med. 2015; 2(4): 1035.Let's connect on Instagram

The Science of Advanced Meditation: Transforming Mental Health and ConsciousnessIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer and Dr. Matthew Sacchet explore the cutting edge of meditation research, revealing how advanced meditation practices can fundamentally reshape the brain, enhance well-being, and provide deep psychological transformation. As meditation science enters a new phase, researchers are uncovering how deep states of awareness—once thought to be exclusive to monks and mystics—can be studied, measured, and even cultivated in everyday life. From advanced concentrative absorption meditation (ACAM) to EEG and fMRI studies mapping the brain during self-transcendent states, this conversation dives into the neuroscience behind enlightenment and its potential applications for mental health. Tune in to learn how meditation may one day revolutionize clinical treatments for anxiety, depression, and beyond.Full Reference:Sacchet, M. D., & Brewer, J. A. (2024). An emerging science of advanced meditation could transform mental health and our understanding of consciousness. Scientific American, July/August 2024, 70–75.Let's connect on Instagram

Mindfulness Training for Smoking Cessation: Moderation of the Relationship Between Craving and Cigarette UseIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer and colleagues discuss a randomized clinical trial evaluating mindfulness training (MT) as a smoking cessation intervention. The study demonstrates how mindfulness decouples the link between craving and cigarette use by disrupting the addictive loop reinforced by craving. Results showed that increased mindfulness practice—both formal and informal—significantly reduced cigarette consumption and moderated the relationship between craving and smoking behavior. By teaching participants to observe and accept cravings rather than suppress them, MT offers a powerful, evidence-based approach to addiction treatment.Full Reference:Elwafi, H. M., Witkiewitz, K., Mallik, S., Thornhill, T. A., & Brewer, J. A. (2013). Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: Moderation of the relationship between craving and cigarette use. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 130(1-3), 222–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.11.015Let's connect on Instagram

Meditation Leads to Reduced Default Mode Network Activity Beyond an Active TaskIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer and Dr. Kathleen Garrison explore how meditation alters brain activity, specifically within the default mode network (DMN), a system associated with self-referential thinking and mind-wandering. This study uniquely compares meditation not just to resting states but also to an active cognitive task, demonstrating that experienced meditators exhibit significantly reduced DMN activity. Findings suggest that long-term meditation practice can quiet habitual self-referential thought patterns and improve attentional control. Tune in to discover how meditation reshapes the brain beyond relaxation, fostering present-moment awareness and mental clarity.Full Reference:Garrison, K. A., Zeffiro, T. A., Scheinost, D., Constable, R. T., & Brewer, J. A. (2015). Meditation leads to reduced default mode network activity beyond an active task. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 15, 712–720. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13415-015-0358-3Let's connect on Instagram

Mindfulness Training for Smoking Cessation: Results from a Randomized Controlled TrialIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer and colleagues present findings from a groundbreaking randomized controlled trial comparing mindfulness training (MT) to a standard smoking cessation program (Freedom From Smoking, FFS). The study demonstrates that MT not only reduced cigarette consumption more effectively during treatment but also sustained these improvements through a 17-week follow-up. Participants who received mindfulness training achieved significantly higher abstinence rates (31% vs. 6% for FFS) and showed a greater capacity to "sit with" cravings rather than react to them. Learn how mindfulness leverages awareness and acceptance to disrupt addiction loops, offering a scalable, evidence-based solution for smoking cessation.Full Reference:Brewer, J. A., Mallik, S., Babuscio, T. A., Nich, C., Johnson, H. E., Deleone, C. M., Minnix-Cotton, C. A., Byrne, S. A., Kober, H., Weinstein, A. J., Carroll, K. M., & Rounsaville, B. J. (2011). Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: Results from a randomized controlled trial. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 119(1-2), 72–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.027Let's connect on Instagram

Source-Space EEG Neurofeedback Links Subjective Experience with Brain Activity During Effortless Awareness MeditationIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer and Dr. Remko van Lutterveld explore the latest advances in neurofeedback and meditation. This study used high-density EEG to provide real-time neurofeedback from the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), a key region in self-referential processing and mind-wandering. Both novice and experienced meditators demonstrated a strong correlation between decreased PCC activity and the subjective experience of "effortless awareness," a key component of meditation. Notably, participants were able to volitionally control their PCC activity, suggesting that neurofeedback may serve as a valuable tool for deepening meditation practice. Tune in to discover how neuroscience and technology are revolutionizing the way we train the mind.Full Reference:van Lutterveld, R., Houlihan, S. D., Pal, P., Sacchet, M. D., McFarlane-Blake, C., Patel, P. R., Sullivan, J. S., Ossadtchi, A., Druker, S., Bauer, C., & Brewer, J. A. (2016). Source-space EEG neurofeedback links subjective experience with brain activity during effortless awareness meditation. NeuroImage, 129, 72–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.02.047Let's connect on Instagram

Craving to Quit: Psychological Models and Neurobiological Mechanisms of Mindfulness Training as Treatment for AddictionsIn this episode, Dr. Jud Brewer and colleagues explore the transformative role of mindfulness training in treating addictions. Drawing from both modern psychological frameworks and ancient Buddhist models of suffering, this discussion highlights how mindfulness targets core elements of addiction, such as craving and habit loops. The episode unpacks the neurobiological mechanisms underlying mindfulness interventions, showcasing how they disrupt operant conditioning and rewire the brain's default mode network. Using nicotine addiction as a case study, Dr. Brewer presents mindfulness as a promising, scalable alternative to conventional treatments.Full Reference:Brewer, J. A., Elwafi, H. M., & Davis, J. H. (2013). Craving to quit: Psychological models and neurobiological mechanisms of mindfulness training as treatment for addictions. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028490Let's connect on Instagram