This Week in Virology

On this episode, broadening of immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 after mRNA vaccine booster to ChAdOx1 nCoV-19, five-fold underestimation of the number of cases in the US during the first six months of the pandemic, and a monoclonal antibody that broadly neutralizes many different sarbecoviruses. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Amy Rosenfeld Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Immune responses after heterologous COVID-19 vaccine boost (Nat Med) Undiagnosed SARS-CoV-2 infections in US (Sci Transl Med) Broadly neutralizing sarbecovirus antibody (Nature) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

The Team with Invincible Values discusses whether dogs or cats passively carry SARS-CoV-2 on hair and foot pads, maternal to fetal transfer of antibodies in infected or vaccinated pregnant women, and evidence that retroviruses infected cetaceans before and after they moved into the oceans. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode SARS-CoV-2 on dogs and cats (Viruses) Maternal to neonatal transfer of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (J Clin Investîmes) Retroviral evolution in cetaceans and their ancestors (Plos Path( Letters read on TWiV 781 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Current Map | U.S. Drought Monitor Brianne – A comic strip about immune responses Alan – Superliminal game Vincent – Birds are dying in NJ Listener Picks 2listening1 – Renewal Em – Cognitive Surplus Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #71, Daniel Griffin reviews updated school and child care guidance from CDC, transmission in schools, accuracy of lateral flow assays, update to J&J/Janssen vaccine EUA to include GBS, interim immunogenicity of Ad.26.CoV2.s, effectiveness of mRNA vaccines to prevent hospitalization, Bamlanivimab plus Etesevimab for mild or moderate disease, and a meta-analysis of ivermectin results. Hosts: Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode School and child care guidance (CDC) Transmission in schools (CDC) Accuracy of lateral flow diagnostics (Lancet) GBS with Ad.26.CoV2.s vaccine (FDA) Ad.26.CoV2.s interim immunogenicity (NEJM) mRNA vaccine effectiveness to prevent hospitalization (medRxiv) Bamlanivimab plus Etesevimab (NEJM) Meta-analysis of ivermectin studies (Clin Inf Dis) Letters read on TWiV 780 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews evidence that COVID-19 mRNA vaccination of both uninfected and previously infected persons elicits cross-variant neutralizing antibodies, and directed evolution of a bacterial protein to form a virus-like capsid that specifically packages its encoding mRNA. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode mRNA vaccine boosts cross-variant neutralizing Ab (Science) mRNA vaccine boosts variant B and T cell responses (Science) Directed evolution of virus-like nucleocapsid (Science) Letters read on TWiV 779 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – The Science of Chocolate Chip Cookies Alan – Keeping Black students in STEM Vincent – Antiviral Program for Pandemics Listener Pick Mark – Curator on the Loose, Classic Airliners and Vintage Pop Culture, Flying Men, Flying Machines, Thai Flying Club Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #70, Daniel Griffin discusses efficacy of portable air cleaners, vaccine induced serum neutralizing antibodies against variants, prevention and attenuation of disease with mRNA vaccines, ivermectin to prevent hospitalization, IL-6 antagonists and mortality, and impact of vaccination on long COVID. Hosts: Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Efficacy of portable air cleaners (MMWR) Ad26.COV2.S elicited neutralization of variants (bioRxiv) Prevention of COVID-19 with mRNA vaccines (NEJM) Ivermectin to prevent hospitalization (BMC Inf Dis) IL-6 antagonists and mortality (JAMA) Impact of vaccination on long COVID (Lancet) Letters read on TWiV 778 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Ron Fouchier explains why increased transmission of SARS-CoV-2-variants has not been demonstrated, and their ability to displace ancestral variants is due to greater fitness, much like influenza virus antigenic variation leads to better fitness and replacement of previously circulating variants. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Guest: Ron Fouchier Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Ron Fouchier on TWiV 177, 291, 557 Mutations driving H5N1 airborne transmission in ferrets (Cell) SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 transmission among ferrets (Nat Comm) Avian influenza virus transmission among seals (Cell Host Micr) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – The Science News Cycle Kathy – mRNA Day Kariko & Weissman lectures and Q&A Vincent – Just Planes Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews an analysis of animal sales from Wuhan wet markets before the COVID-19 pandemic, control of dengue by release of Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes, and fatal dengue acquired in Florida. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Animal sales from Wuhan markets before COVID-19 (Sci Rep) Dengue control by Wolbachia-infected mosquitoes (NEJM) Fatal dengue in Florida (NEJM) Letters read on TWiV 776 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – You Know You've Worked Too Long in a Lab When… Alan – Massachusetts vaccine lottery Vincent – Coonhound paralysis Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #69, Daniel Griffin covers effectiveness of mRNA vaccines against the delta variant, depression among public health workers, correlates of protection against asymptomatic and symptomatic infection, BNT162b2 in ChAdOx-1-S primed individuals, prior infection rescues B and T cell responses to variants after vaccination, effect of vaccination on household transmission, germinal responses induced by mRNA vaccines, phase 3 results of Novavax vaccine, and long COVID as our next national health disaster. Hosts: Daniel Griffin and Vincent Racaniello Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Worry about human behavior, not variants (NY Times) Moderna and Pfizer vaccines vs delta variant Depression among public health workers (MMWR) Correlates of protection (medRxiv) mRNA vaccine in AZ recipients (Lancet) Prior infection rescues B and T cell responses to variants (Science) Effect of vaccination on household transmission (NEJM) mRNA vaccines induce germinal responses (Nature) Novavax vaccine phase 3 results (NEJM) EUA for tocilizumab (FDA) Long COVID, next national health disaster (NEJM) Letters read on TWiV 775 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Kristian Andersen and Robert Garry join TWiV to discuss recovery of deleted deep sequencing data from early in the Wuhan SARS-CoV-2 epidemic, and whether they shed light on the early phase of the outbreak. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Guests: Kristian Andersen and Robert Garry Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Andersen laboratory Recovery of deleted deep sequencing data (bioRxiv) Animal sales from Wuhan wet markets (Sci Rep) Danielle Anderson on Wuhan Lab (Bloomberg) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Kathy – STEVE over Copper Harbor, MI Vincent – Human Behavior During the Pandemic Is More Important Than Any Covid Variant Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Laurie Garrett, author of The Coming Plague, joins TWiV for a wide-ranging discussion of infectious disease and public health, including emerging infections, the role of wildlife markets in spillovers, and missteps in handling the COVID-19 pandemic. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Guest: Laurie Garrett Subscribe (free): iTunes, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Lauriegarrett.com The Coming Plague Betrayal of Trust Trump sabotaged coronavirus response (Foreign Policy) ASV Vaccine Town Hall Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – A Pivotal Mosquito Experiment Could Not Have Gone Better Kathy – Microbiology at the Movies Vincent – When a Good Scientist Is the Wrong Source Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv