This Week in Virology

In COVID-19 clinical update #104, Daniel Griffin reviews effectiveness of mRNA vaccines among children, number of children affected by disease, accuracy of rapid antigen tests, CDC guidance for prevention strategies, monoclonal antibody effectiveness, predicting progression to severe respiratory failure from pneumonia, risk of long COVID after two vaccine doses, and peripheral neuropathy in long COVID. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Vaccine effectiveness 5-11 year olds (medRxiv) Vaccine effectiveness vs ED and UCE 5-12 year olds (medRxiv) Children affected by COVID (Lancet) Accuracy of rapid antigen tests (medRxiv) COVID community levels (CDC) Therapeutics guidelines (WHO) Mortality among SOT (Clin Inf Dis) Long COVID after two vaccine doses (medRxiv) Peripheral neuropathy in COVID patients (Neurology) Letters read on TWiV 872 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV discusses whether or not Omicron should be designated a new serotype of SARS-CoV-2, and the finding that amino acid changes that adapt SARS-CoV-2 to mink or ferret do not increase fitness in the human airway. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ABRCMS ePoster Spring Symposium for Emerging Scientists ASV Annual Meeting Registration (ASV) Microbiology & Immunology at LSU Health Is Omicron a new serotype? (Nat Rev Micr) Adaptation of SARS-CoV-2 to mink/ferret (Cell Rep) Letters read on TWiV 871 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Alan – Which Immune Cell Are You? and Michaeleen Doucleff's article Rich – Vaccinated: One Man's Quest to Defeat the World's Deadliest Diseases by Paul A. Offit Vincent – Ebola on Canvas Listener Picks Les – Ologies podcast Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #102, Daniel Griffin covers immunocompromised people, hospitalization of children, vaccine usage update, Omicron and cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies, reinfection prevents disease in hamsters, repeated infections with endemic coronaviruses, global burden of antimicrobial resistance, ivermectin not protective in hamsters, and Omicron evades therapeutic monoclonals. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode What does society owe immunocompromised people (Atlantic) Prevalence of immunosuppression in US (JAME) Hospitalizations of children (MMWR) Clinical considerations for vaccines (CDC) Sanofi seeks vaccine approval (Sanofi) Omicron triggers cross-reactive neutralization (medRxiv) Reinfection prevents disease in hamsters (Cell) Repeated infections with endemic CoV (J Inf Dis) Global burden of antimicrobial resistance (Lancet) Ivermectin not protective in hamsters (bioRxiv) Omicron evades therapeutic monoclonals (bioRxiv) Letters read on TWiV 870 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews epidemiological and experimental evidence that infection with Epstein-Barr virus leads to the production of antibodies against a viral protein that cross-react with a human protein, leading to multiple sclerosis. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ABRCMS ePoster Spring Symposium for Emerging Scientists ASV Annual Meeting Registration (ASV) Microbiology & Immunology at LSU Health Viremia in human poliomyelitis (J Exp Med) EBV associated with MS (Science) MS antibodies Bind EBV EBNA1 and GlialCAM (Nature) Letters read on TWiV 869 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Rapid intensification of the emerging southwestern North American megadrought in 2020–2021 Brianne – Which Immune Cell Are You? Rich – Nikola Tesla – 3D Anamorphosis Vincent – Paul's Uncle Doesn't Want to Get Vaccinated Listener Picks Bob – The 1969 Apollo Guidance Computer Anne – Decoding the Gurus with Dan Wilson Beth – FrenchGuyCooking Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #102, Daniel Griffin reviews children and COVID, effectiveness of maternal vaccination, vaccines for immunocompromised, primary care physicians and vaccination rates, booster safety among adults, placentitis, azithromycin, oral Nirmatrelvir, Omicron antibody evasion, EUA for bebtelovimab, IL-1 blocking agents, thromboprophylaxis, effectiveness of vaccines against long COVID, and risks of mental health outcomes. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Children and COVID state data (AAP) Effectiveness of maternal vaccination (MMWR) Vaccines for immunocompromised (CDC) PCP and vaccination rates (JAMA) Booster safety among adults (MMWR) Placental tissue destruction and placentitis (Arch Path Lab Med) Azithromycin meta-analysis (J Antimicrob Chemo) Oral Nirmatrelvir for high-risk, nonhospitalized adults (NEJM) Omicron antibody evasion (bioRxiv) EUA for bebtelovimab (FDA) IL-1 blocking agents (Cochrane) Thromboprophylaxis (Chest) Effectiveness of vaccines against long COVID (UK Health) COVID complications in Australia (Lancet) Risks of mental health outcomes (BMJ) Letters read on TWiV 868 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews an experimental, intranasally administered SARS-CoV-2 vaccine that utilizes adenovirus vectors to deliver three viral proteins and induces immunity to ancestral and variant isolates. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Kathy Spindler Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Dorothy Horstmann (Wikipedia) Intranasal SARS-CoV-2 experimental vaccine (Cell) t-SNE (Wikipedia) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Kathy – 477-mile-long megaflash lightning in Seattle Times (originally Washington Post) and extra info from Rich World Meteorological Org Rich – NIAID Global Research (Mali) Alan – New method for recycling electric car batteries Vincent – Q&A with A&V Listener Picks Addie – Vaccine Podcast Jennie – Dr. Katelyn Jetelina, aka Your Local Epidemiologist Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Amy returns to TWiV to discuss her work on the identification of cross-reactive antibody responses among diverse enteroviruses, and the implications for our understanding of viral pathogenesis and seroprevalence studies. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit Brianne Barker, and Amy Rosenfeld Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ABRCMS ePoster Spring Symposium for Emerging Scientists Cross-reactive enterovirus antibodies (mBio) Poliovirus receptor transgenic mice (virology blog) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – European scientists set new record in production of nuclear fusion energy Amy – Alfredo's Magic Wand Brianne – What Happened After the Chicken-Pox Vaccine? Rich – Year Three of COVID-19: Harsh Truths, Realities, and Glimmers of Hope Vincent – Economists Are Fueling the War Against Public Health Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #101, Daniel Griffin discusses children and COVID, human challenge study results, effectiveness of mask use, Omicron boost in macaques, mucosal vaccine candidate, long-term cardiovascular outcomes, and global vaccine perceptions. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Children and COVID state data (AAP) Human challenge study (Res Sq) Effectiveness of mask use (MMWR) Omicron boost in macaques (bioRxiv) Mucosal vaccine candidate (Cell) Long-term cardiovascular outcomes (Nat Med) Global vaccine perceptions (PLoSNTD) Letters read on TWiV 865 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Monica, John, David, and Marc join TWiV to discuss their work on identifying cryptic SARS-CoV-2 lineages in New York City wastewater, and understanding whether they were shed from humans or other animals. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker Guests: John Dennehy, Marc Johnson, Davida Smyth, and Monica Trujillo Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode SARS-CoV-2 in NYC wastewater (TWiV 737) Cryptic SARS-CoV-2 in NYC wastewater (Nat Comm) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – When scientific conferences went online, diversity and inclusion soared Rich – Traffic flow measured on 30 different 4-way junctions Vincent – A Slot Machine, a Broken Test Tube by S.E. Luria Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews the results of a study in which 36 volunteers were infected with SARS-CoV-2, and what was learned about the kinetics of virus reproduction in the nose and throat, development of symptoms, and reliability of lateral flow antigen assays. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Vaccine Town Hall (ASV) Columbia University BSL-3 Manager position 3:27 UK SARS-CoV-2 challenge study (Res Sq) U of Pennsylvania smell test (Wikipedia) Letters read on TWiV 863 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Webb team begins aligning telescope Brianne – Our Solar System in True Color Is Really Something Else Rich – When the International Space Station retires, it will plunge into the ocean to die Vincent – Gateway Program and What One Really Expensive Means to US Train Travel Listener Picks Jack – Dr. Becky and Pasta or composer Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv