This Week in Virology

Vincent and Brianne review the need to better understand T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection to better inform public health decisions, and how IL-1 and IL-1ra are important regulators of the inflammatory response to RNA vaccines. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Understanding T cell responses during COVID-19 (Science Immunol) IL-1 and IL-1ra are keys to inflammation after RNA vaccination (Nature Immunol) Letters read on TWiV 882 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – Covid restrictions prevented dengue in hundreds of thousands of people in 2020 Vincent – Scotch Dual Lock 250 Reclosable Fastener Listener Picks Erin –JWT Preparation and Xploration Outer Space Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

TWiV describes the identification of a monoclonal antibody that provides broad protection against a variety of hantaviruses, and development of an oral remdesivir-like antiviral that ameliorates viral disease in mice. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Amy Rosenfeld Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Monoclonal antibody provides broad hantavirus protection (Sci Transl Med) Prometheus Project (TWiV 578) Oral antiviral related to Remdesivir (Sci Transl Med) Letters read on TWiV 881 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – World's tallest wooden building Amy – Virus hunter in the Wuhan market Rich – WorldPop (example) Vincent – Karst Stone Paper Listener Picks Neva – Can we vaccinate against EBV? and Paul Sutter reading a science paper Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #107, Daniel Griffin discusses Moderna vaccine results in children, hospitalization by ethnicity, BA.2 severity in children, placentitis and thrombohematoma during pregnancy, predictive value of symptoms for diagnosis, Evusheld activity against BA.1 and BA.2, Remdesivir resistance, Ivermectin with and without strongyloidiasis, inhaled ciclesonide, home telemonitoring, pulse oximetry for remote monitoring, effectiveness of anti-platelet therapy, and deaths in Zambia. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Moderna vaccine results in children (Moderna) Delta/Omicron hospitalization by ethnicity (MMWR) Intrinsic BA.2 severity in unvaccinated children (Lancet) Children and COVID state-level data (AAP) Placentitis and thrombohematoma during pregnancy (JAMA) Predictive value of symptoms for diagnosis (Clin Inf Dis) FDA to discuss booster strategy (FDA) Evusheld activity against BA.1 and BA.2 (AstraZeneca and bioRxiv) Remdesivir resistance in immunocompromised patient (Nature Comm) Ivermectin for COVID with and without strongyloidiasis (JAMA) Inhaled ciclesonide for outpatient treatment (Clin Micro Inf) Home telemonitoring for infection (J Telemed Telecare) Effectiveness of pulse oximetry in remote monitoring (Lancet) Effects of anti-platelet therapy (JAMA) COVID deaths in Zambia (medRxiv) Contribute to ASTMH fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 880 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews the emergence of remdesivir-resistant SARS-CoV-2 during treatment of a persistently infected immunocompromised patient, and how altered TMPRSS2 utilization by the Omicron variant influences infectivity and fusion. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ASV 2022 Emergence of remdesivir resistance (Nature Comm) How to stall a copy machine (TWiV 819) Omicron altered TMPRSS2 usage (Nature) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – NSURP 2022 Kathy – Virology Jobs Rich – 10 Steps from Seed to Cup (Graphic) Alan – Fathoms: The World in The Whale, by Rebecca Giggs Vincent – Worldwaterday.org Listener Picks Jeremy – Archaeology of Light Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

TWiV revisits chronic wasting disease of cervids and the ability of the prions to infect meadow voles and raccoons, and the suggestion that stochastic assembly of influenza virus particles may play a role in phenotypic diversity. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, and Amy Rosenfeld Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode CWD in meadow voles and raccoons (Emerg Inf Dis) Unusual infectious agents (Virology Live) Low fidelity influenza virus assembly (Cell) Shape-shifting viruses (TWiV 743) From variolous effluvia to VLPs (TWiV 170) A pox on your horse (TWiV 478) Letters read on TWiV 878 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – James Webb Space Telescope and Nature Conservancy Photo Contest Amy – A new strategy for staying one step ahead of the virus Rich – Searching for the origin of the smallpox vaccine: Edward Jenner and his little-known horsepox hypothesis Vincent – Blacktail Studio Listener Picks Richard – Water Structure and Science Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #106, Daniel Griffin covers failure of ivermectin to improve hospitalization, increased hospitalization of children with Omicron, seroconversion of children versus adults, effectiveness of Pfizer mRNA vaccine in children, high vaccine effectiveness in Finland against Omicron, distinct long COVID clinical phenotypes, and estimating worldwide excess mortality. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Ivermectin did not reduce hospitalizations (Wall St J) Increased hospitalization of children with Omicron (MMWR) Seroconversion of children vs adults (JAMA) Effectiveness of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine in children (MMWR) High vaccine effectiveness in Finland (medRxiv) Distinct long COVID clinical phenotypes (Open Forum Inf Dis) Estimating excess mortality (Lancet) Contribute to ASTMH fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 877 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Michael Worobey joins TWiV to explain evidence that SARS-CoV-2 emerged via the wildlife trade and that the Huanan market was the unambiguous epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Guest: Michael Worobey Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Early COVID-19 cases in Wuhan (TWiV 833) Huanan market was epicenter of COVID-19 (Zenodo) Two spillover events launched COVID-19 pandemic (Zenodo) Robert Malone and Peter McCullough: A litany of untruths (Decoding the Gurus) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – Kartchner Caverns (info from Wikipedia here) Kathy – Laminar flow and turbulent flow Rich – Wikipedia Vincent – The Human Lake by Carl Zimmer Listener Picks Brad – NASASpaceflight Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

TWiV discusses the virome of game animals in China, and the finding that binding of sarbecoviruses to ACE2 is an ancestral and evolvable trait. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Amy Rosenfeld Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode WHO declaration of COVID-19 pandemic Virome of China game animals (Cell) ACE2 binding is ancestral and evolvable (Nature) Letters read on TWiV 875 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Ship found at the bottom of the sea Amy – Vaccinating kids has never been easy Vincent – State data and CDC data on children and COVID-19 Listener Picks Andrew – Books by Randall Munroe Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #105, Daniel Griffin discusses changes in brain structure after infection, dementia in patients with pneumonia, Paxlovid in children, mask effectiveness in schools, host factors and severe disease, post-acute symptoms, and the mission of CEPI. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Infection and changes in brain structure (Nature) Dementia among pneumonia survivors (Open Forum Inf Dis) Narrative dynamics around COVID-19 vaccines (FSI) Children and COVID (AAP) Paxlovid in pediatric patients (Pfizer) Mask effectiveness in schools (MMWR) Host factors and severe disease (Nature) Antiviral efficacy against BA.2 (NEJM) Post-acute symptoms, Denmark (medRxiv) Risk of sequelae after infection (BMJ) CEPI (TWiV 612) Contribute to ASTMH fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 874 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews the six known coronaviruses that infect pigs and what can be learned about human infections, and how the giant Mimivirus DNA genome is organized into a nucleocapsid. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, and Brianne Barker Click arrow to play Download TWiV 873 (128 MB .mp3, 107 min) Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode ABRCMS ePoster Spring Symposium for Emerging Scientists Porcine coronaviruses (Virol Sin) Mimivirus nucleocapsid (bioRxiv) Letters read on TWiV 873 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – The Dinosaur Age May Have Ended in Springtime Alan – The Track of the Typhoon, and me reading it. Rich – 12 Monkeys Vincent – Anna Mason's Art Channel Listener Picks Richard – SARS-CoV-2 in animals: Situation report #9 Jason – Counting App and CountThings from Photos Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv