This Week in Virology

TWiV reviews recent cases of monkeypox, presence of SARS-CoV-2 RNA but not infectious virus in feces, and the association of autoantibodies to interferons with severe COVID-19. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Monkeypox in MA (ProMed Mail) Possible monkeypox in NYC (NY Times) Occupational monkeypox, Wisconsin (Emerg Inf Dis) SARS-CoV-2 in feces (Nature) IFN autoantibodies and severe COVID-19 (PNAS) Letters read on TWiV 902 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – How to grow food on the moon Brianne – APod May 16: Milky Way over French Alp Hoodoos Kathy – Covid Nationwide data visualization Rich – NIH All of Us Research Program Vincent – Physicians Spreading Misinformation on Social Media — Do Right and Wrong Answers Still Exist in Medicine? Listener Pick Lisa – E.H. Danner Museum of Telephony Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #115, Dr. Griffin reviews cross-variant immunity without vaccination, EUA for boosters in 5-11 year olds, B.1.1.529 attack rate, scent dogs, Omicron and pets, Paxlovid, Veklury, Fluvoxamine, antigen positivity after isolation, inflammasome activation and severe disease, and GI persistence and fecal shedding. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Limited cross-variant immunity without vaccination (Nature) EUA for boosters in 5-11 year olds (FDA) Stages of COVID-19 (AIDS Rev) B.1.1.529 attack rate in Australia (JID) Scent dogs (BMJ) Does Omicron affect pets? (CVMBS News) Paxlovid eligibility checklist (FDA) Supratherapeutic tacrolimus with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Op For Inf Dis) Is longer Paxlovid needed? (Reuters) How about Veklury? (Gilead) Fluvoxamine declined (FDA) Antigen positivity after isolation (MMWR) Inflammasome activation drives COVID-19 pathology (TWiV 900, Nature) PASC and viral antigen persistence in gut (Gastroenterol) GI symptoms and fecal shedding (Med) Contribute to ASTMH fundraiser at PW Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 901 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV celebrates 900 episodes, Vincent gives the Richard R. Ernst lecture, and we discuss why inflammasome activation in infected macrophages drives severe COVID-19. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Richard R. Ernst Lecture Infected macrophages drives severe COVID-19 (Nature) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – The Milky Way's Black Hole Comes to Light Kathy – River dolphins playing with anaconda Rich – Smallpox vaccination techniques; from knives and forks to needles and pins Alan – Vacuum Tubes: a Modern Aladdin's Lamp Vincent – Books by Pamela Jane Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #114, Dr. Griffin discusses early treatment with ivermectin, procalcitonin not a reliable biomarker, vaccine in 6-11 year olds, FDA limits use of Janssen vaccine, does site of vaccine booster matter, sniffer dogs, monoclonals for hospitalized patients, risk assessment for public events, Paxlovid eligibility, and persistence of pediatric anosmia. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Effects of early treatment with Ivermectin (NEJM) Procalcitonin not a reliable biomarker (IDSA) Evaluation of vaccine in children 6 to 11 years (NEJM)) FDA limits use of Janssen vaccine (FDA) Recall of b cell memory on vaccination location (Science Immunology) Persistence screening using sniffer dogs (Journal of Clinical Trials) Tixagevimab/Cilgavimab for treatment of hospitalized patients (Lancet) Infection detection by canine olfaction (OFID) Diagnostic utility to differentiate patients (IDSA) Prevalence of anosmia in pediatric cases (Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal) Risk assessment for public events (University of Texas COVID-19 Modeling Consortium) PAXLOVID patient eligibility screening checklist (FDA) PAXLOVID drug interactions (IDSA) Contribute to ASTMH fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 899 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV explains why the concept of herd immunity might not apply to COVID-19, and the observation that smallpox vaccination causes an increase in skin bacteria that promote pathology and influence the immune response. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Rich Condit, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Herd immunity may not apply to COVID-19 (J Inf Dis) Smallpox vaccination increases skin bacteria (PLoS Path) The invinceable TWiV (TWiV 145) By the pricking of my thumbs… (TWiV 284) Letters read on TWiV 898 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – Bacteria and Me Coloring Book Kathy – Smarter 3D printing Rich – Big Ben Restoring the Worlds Most Famous Clock 2021 Vincent – Scientific review articles as antivaccine disinformation Listener Pick Suellen – Your Fantastic Mind Season 3 Ep 2: Long COVID and Making of a Brain Surgeon (Full Episode) Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #113, Dr. Griffin discusses tocilizumab use in hospitalized Patients, IL-6 inhibitors and mortality, Baricitinib in hospitalized patients, post-infection neurological sequelae, comparative effectiveness of Pfizer and Moderna vaccines, phase 2/3 study of Paxlovid, infection relapse following Paxlovid, pre-hospital administration of Remdesivir, and hospitalization with different variants. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Timing of Tocilizumab Use in Hospitalized Patients (NIH) Interleukin-6 inhibitors reduce mortality (European Journal of Internal Medicine) Treatment Effect of Baricitinib on Hospitalized Patients (IDSA) Post Infection Neurological Sequelae (Res Square) Comparative Effectiveness of Pfizer and Moderna Vaccines (Nature Commun) Results from Phase 2/3 Study of Paxlovid (Pfizer) Infection Relapse Following Suppression by Paxlovid (Res Square) Update on Paxlovid Usage (FDA) Availability and Use of Treatments in Outpatients (CDC) Pre-Hospital Administration of Remdesivir (IDSA) Remdesivir and three other drugs for Hospitalized Patients (Lancet) Guidelines on Usage of Anticoagulants (Am Soc Hematol) Different Variants Hospitalization and Morality (Res Square) Contribute to FIMRIC fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 897 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV explains a study of how climate change is predicted to increase cross-species viral transmission risk, and increased memory B cell potency and breadth after a SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine boost. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Amy Rosenfeld Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Climate change and viral zoonosis risk (Nature) COVID-19 mRNA boost effect on memory B cells (Nature) Letters read on TWiV 896 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Toots Thilelemans Amy – Largest comet ever identified Vincent – Scientific review articles as antivaccine disinformation Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In COVID-19 clinical update #112, Dr. Griffin reviews seroprevalence of infection-induced antibodies, Moderna filing for vaccine authorization in young children, public health impact of vaccines in US, FDA approval of first treatment for young children, phase 2 data for Sabizabulin, and post infection inflammation. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Seroprevalence of Infection-Induced Antibodies (CDC) Authorization for Vaccine in Young Children Filed (Moderna) Public Health Impact of Vaccines in US (BMJ) FDA authorizes first approved treatment for children (FDA) Phase 2 Data for Sabizabulin (Veru Pharma) Clinical Characteristics of Post Infection Inflammation (The Lancet) Fact Sheet for Providers on Evusheld (FDA) Fact Sheet for Providers on Paxlovid (FDA) Provider Referral for EvuSheld (Northwell Health) Contribute to ASTMH fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 895 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV explains what is known about cases of acute, severe hepatitis of unknown origin in children, and discovery of an inhibitor of TMPRSS2 protease that blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Alan Dove, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Severe hepatitis in children (WHO) TMPRSS2 inhibitor (Nature) Omicron less dependent on TMPRSS2 (TWiV 879) Letters read on TWiV 894 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Brianne – Apple AirTag Kathy – Dental art/sculpture/mobile/chandelier Alan – Vintage Radio and Communications Museum of Connecticut Vincent – For the Love of Enzymes by Arthur Kornberg Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Kartik, Denise, and Gorka join TWiV to discuss their finding that changes in the surface glycoprotein of South American yellow fever virus lead to reduced neutralization by antibodies induced by the vaccine, which is derived from an African isolate. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, and Brianne Barker Guests: Kartik Chandran, Denise Haslwanter, and Gorka Lasso Cabrera Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Prometheus project (TWiV 578) Reduced neutralization of South American yellow fever virus (Cell Host Microbe) Letters read on TWiV 893 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Earth Day and Earth Day History Brianne – XKCD: Family Reunion Vincent – Tokaido: A Journey (DVD) Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv