This Week in Virology

Eddie Holmes joins TWiV to discuss his role in the first release of the SARS-CoV-2 genome sequence, what really happened during the infamous Fauci teleconference, and evidence that the virus came from Nature and not from a lab. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello and Dickson Despommier Guest: Eddie Holmes Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Research assistant position at FDA (pdf) Support MicrobeTV with a Spike t-shirt (Vaccinated.us) Novel 2019 coronavirus genome (Virological) Proximal origins of SARS-CoV-2 (Virological and Nature versions) Original paper on new CoV in China that led to genome sequence release (Nature) Reporting on Fauci teleconference (USA Today) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

Tom Monath joins TWiV to discuss his wide-ranging career that includes medicine, field work and vaccine development while working for the US government, the US military, and multiple biotechnology companies. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, and Rich Condit Guest: Tom Monath Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Research assistant position at FDA (pdf) Support MicrobeTV with a Spike t-shirt (Vaccinated.us) Fever by John Fuller (Amazon) Crozet BioPharma Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Jazz – Small Group #3: Dave Brubeck Quartet. Dave Brubeck, Piano; Joe Morello, Drums, Paul Desmond, Alto Saxophone, Eugene Wright, Bass: Signature Album: Time Out. Signature Song: Take Five. Rich – Wilderness Safaris (wiki) Alan – Madhouse at the End of the Earth, by Julian Sancton Vincent – Raymond Chandler and his protagonist Philip Marlowe. Listener Picks Philip – Students bitten by bats inside college residence hall Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin reviews the public health response to poliovirus in New York, impact of mandatory influenza vaccination, monkeypox in a young infant, health care worker exposure to monkeypox virus, monkeypox testing delays, transmission potential of monkeypox virus, TPOXX trial for monkeypox, detection of SARS-CoV-2 subgenomic mRNA, mucosal IgA against SARS-CoV-2, BNT262b2 against Omicron, awareness and use of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals, comparable outcomes for Bebtelovimab and Nirmatrelvir, and COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Support MicrobeTV with a Spike t-shirt at Vaccinated.US Research assistant position with Amy Rosenfeld (pdf) Public health response to polio in New York (MMWR) Impact of mandatory influenza vaccination (Cambridge Core) Monkeypox in young infant (MMWR) Health care worker exposure to monkeypox virus (MMWR) Monkeypox testing delays (Cambridge Core) Monkeypox in smallpox vaccinated patient (Emerg Inf Dis) Transmission potential of monkeypox virus (Int J Epidemiol) TPOXX trial for monkeypox (ACTG) SARS-CoV-2 subgenomic mRNA detection (J Inf Dis) Quantitative SARS-CoV-2 subgenomic mRNA for Remdesivir treatment (Clin Inf Dis) Anti-spike mucosal IgA (NEJM) BNT262bs against Omicron sublineages (NEJM) Awareness and use of SARS-CoV-2 antivirals (Clin Inf Dis) Comparable outcomes for Bebtelovimab and Nirmatrelvir treatment (J Inf Dis) COVID-19 and Alzheimer's disease (J Alzheimer's Dis) Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Contribute to Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Letters read on TWiV 938 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

From the European Society for Clinical Virology 2022 Conference in Manchester UK, Vincent speaks with Emma Thomson about the recent outbreak of pediatric hepatitis of unknown etiology and the finding that it is linked to infection by adenovirus-associated virus 2. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello Guest: Emma Thomson Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Thomson laboratory Emma on TWiV 188 and TWiV 341 AAV2-associated pediatric hepatitis (bioRxiv) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses detection of a highly divergent type 3 vaccine-derived poliovirus in a child with a severe primary immunodeficiency disorder, severe respiratory illnesses associated with rhinoviruses and/or enteroviruses including EV-D68, effects of vaccination and previous infection on Omicron infections in children, COVID-19-associated hospitalizations among vaccinated and unvaccinated adults 18 years or older in 13 US states, effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines over time prior to Omicron emergence in Ontario, Canada, nasal IgA wanes 9 months after hospitalization with COVID-19 and is not induced by subsequent vaccination, resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant BA.4.6 to antibody neutralization, persistent circulating SARS-CoV-2 spike associated with post-acute COVID-19 sequelae, and impact of COVID-19 vaccination on the risk of developing long-covid and on existing long-covid symptoms. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Detection of poliovirus in immunosuppressed child (CDC) Severe respiratory illnesses associated with rhinoviruses and/or enteroviruses (CDC) Effects of vaccination and previous Omicron infection in children (NEJM) COVID-19 hospitalizations among vaccinated and unvaccinated adults (JAMA) Effectiveness of vaccines prior to Omicron (IDSA) Nasal iga wanes 9 months after COVID hospitalization (medRxiv) Resistance of Omicron subvariant to antibody neutralization (BioRxiv) PAXLOVID patient eligibility screening checklist (FDA) Remdesivir fact sheet for providers (Veklury) Bebtelovimab fact sheet for providers (FDA) SARS-CoV-2 spike is associated with post-acute sequelae (IDSA) Impact of vaccination on the risk of developing long-COVID (The Lancet) Contribute to Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 936 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

Vincent travels to Cornell University to speak with Cedric about his career and his research on mobile genetic elements such as transposons and endogenous viruses and how they have shaped the evolution of nearly all organisms. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello Guest: Cedric Feschotte Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Feschotte laboratory Field guide to transposable elements (Ann Rev Genetics) Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses variant influenza virus infections: recommendations for identification, treatment, and prevention for summer and fall 2022, low levels of monkeypox virus neutralizing antibodies after MVA-BN vaccination in healthy individuals, using the right tools at the right time for SARS-COV-2 infection, onset and window of SARS-COV-2 infectiousness and temporal correlation with symptom onset, transmission of SARS-COV-2: a review of viral, host, and environmental factors, antibody persistence and safety through 6 months after heterologous orally aerosolized Ad5-nCoV in individuals primed with two-dose vaccine, timely administration of tocilizumab improves outcome of hospitalized COVID-19 patients, administration of anti–SARS-COV-2 monoclonal antibodies after US Food and Drug Administration deauthorization, and clinical and genetic risk factors for acute incident venous thromboembolism in ambulatory patients with COVID-19. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode 2022 recommendations for Influenza infections (CDC) Low levels of monkeypox neutralizing antibodies after vaccination (medRxiv) Using the right tools during SARS-CoV-2 infection (ESMED) Onset and window of SARS-CoV-2 infectiousness with symptom onset (The LANCET) Transmission of SARS-COV-2 (ACP Journals) PAXLOVID patient eligibility screening checklist (FDA) Remdesivir fact sheet for providers (Veklury) Bebtelovimab fact sheet for providers (FDA) Administration of anti–SARS-COV-2 monoclonal antibodies (JAMA) Clinical and genetic risk factors for thromboembolism (JAMA) Administration of tocilizumab improves outcomes (PLOS One) Antibody persistence and safety through 6 months (medRxiv) Improve risk score for thromboembolism (mdCalc) Contribute to Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 934 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV discusses a new henipavirus from fruit bats in Madagascar, and attenuation of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron disease in mice caused by genome mutations outside of the spike protein coding region. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Research assistant position at FDA (pdf) Beijerinck virology prize (KNAW) Nipah virus vaccine (TWiV 618) Novel henipavirus from Madagascar (J Viral) Spike-independent Omicron attenuation in mice (Cell Rep) Letters read on TWiV 933 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson – Small groups: 3. Modern Jazz Quartet. Signature song: Skating in Central Park. Signature album: Django. Brianne – To Prevent a Martian Plague, NASA Needs to Build a Very Special Lab Kathy – Physics Girl – Overnight in the Most Remote Camp on Earth Vincent – Lab leaders wrestle with paucity of postdocs Listener Picks Gary – Stan Kenton Orchestra Miguel – Microsoft Premonition Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv

In his weekly clinical update Dr. Griffin discusses vaccine effectiveness against influenza illness in children, clinical manifestations of infection with poliovirus, spike protein-independent attenuation of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant in laboratory mice, concordance of SARS-CoV-2 results in self-collected nasal swabs vs swabs collected by health care workers in children and adolescents, probable animal-to-human transmission of SARS-CoV-2 causing a pet shop-related outbreak, laboratory-confirmed COVID-19–associated hospitalizations among adults during BA.2 variant, SARS-CoV-2 specific T-cells and antibodies, Nirmatrelvir use and outcomes during the Omicron surge, real-world effectiveness of early Molnupiravir or Nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in hospitalized patients, and distinguishing features of long COVID. Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Vaccine effectiveness against Influenza illness in children (CID) Clinical manifestations of infection with Polio (JAMA) Characteristics of deaths among fully vaccinated persons with Coronavirus (CID) Spike protein attenuation of Omicron Variant in lab mice (Cell Reports) Concordance of SARS-CoV-2 results in nasal swabs self-collected vs healthcare collected (JAMA) Probable animal-to-human transmission of Sars-Cov-2 (CID) PAXLOVID patient eligibility screening checklist (FDA) Remdesivir fact sheet for providers (Veklury) Bebtelovimab fact sheet for providers (FDA) COVID-19–associated hospitalizations among adults during BA.2 variant (CDC) Sars-Cov-2 specific T-cells and antibodies (CID) Nirmatrelvir use and outcomes during the Omicron surge (NEJM) Effectiveness of early Molnupiravir or Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir in hospitalized patients (The Lancet) Distinguishing features of long COVID (medRxiv) Unexplained post-acute infection syndromes (Nature Med) Contribute to Floating Doctors fundraiser at PWB Dr. Griffin's treatment guide (pdf) Letters read on TWiV 932 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your questions for Dr. Griffin to daniel@microbe.tv

TWiV reviews the genetic characterization of a new strain of type 2 oral polio vaccine and its implications for eradication, and how a polymorphism in humans comprising a single amino acid change in an antibody molecule regulates vaccine elicitation of broadly neutralizing antibodies against influenza virus HA. Hosts: Vincent Racaniello, Dickson Despommier, Alan Dove, Kathy Spindler, and Brianne Barker Subscribe (free): Apple Podcasts, Google Podcasts, RSS, email Become a patron of TWiV! Links for this episode Characterization of novel OPV2 from humans (MMWR) Engineering nOPV2 (TWiV 756) Genome sequence of Rockland County NY OPV2 isolate (Genbank) Allelic polymorphism and vaccine induction of influenza virus bnAbs (Immunity) Letters read on TWiV 931 Timestamps by Jolene. Thanks! Weekly Picks Dickson - Small groups: 1. Miles Davis Quintet. Signature album: Kind Of Blue. Signature song: So What. Brianne - World Excel Championships Kathy - Lyre bird background and video Alan – The Kissing Bug, by Daisy Hernandez Vincent -Five top detective fiction writers. #1 Martin Beck by Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö Listener Picks John – Fevers, Feuds and Diamonds: Ebola and the Ravages of History by Paul Farmer Carol – The Social Dilemma Intro music is by Ronald Jenkees Send your virology questions and comments to twiv@microbe.tv