Thinkers & Ideas

In The Seven Rules of Trust: A Blueprint for Building Things that Last, Jimmy Wales explains how he turned an impossible idea—creating an online encyclopedia that anyone can edit—into a global institution.Wales is the founder of Wikipedia. In his new book, he distills two decades of lessons from building one of the world’s most trusted collaborative projects. He argues that trust isn’t a soft virtue but a practical system—a set of design principles that allow people and organizations to cooperate effectively, solve problems honestly, and endure.In his conversation with Adam Job, senior director at the BCG Henderson Institute, he discusses whether Wikipedia could still be created today, how it can retain its trusted status in an age of polarization, and what we can learn from Wikipedia to rebuild trust within society.Key topics discussed: 01:02 | How to scale interpersonal trust04:02 | The importance of assuming good faith07:13 | Could Wikipedia still be created today?09:06 | How Wikipedia can retain its trusted status in an age of polarization10:30 | The impact of AI on trust15:40 | How institutions can reclaim lost trust18:01 | Reasons to remain optimistic about rebuilding societal trust

In How to Be Bold: The Surprising Science of Everyday Courage, Ranjay Gulati argues that being bold is something you can learn—not a trait you have to be born with.Gulati, a professor at Harvard Business School, is a leading organizational sociologist and management scholar. In his new book, he explores the science and psychology of courage—showing that bravery is not the absence of fear, but the mastery of it.In his conversation with Adam Job, senior director at the BCG Henderson Institute, he discusses the difference between uncertainty and risk, strategies for building courage at the individual and corporate level, and why we shouldn’t be worried about boldness leading to excessive risk-taking.Key topics discussed:00:58 | The definition of courage05:11 | Boldness and excessive risk-taking06:34 | Strategies for building courage as an individual14:51 | The power of sense-making18:16 | Risk management systems21:13 | How to build a culture of courage31:40 | One thing executives should do differentlyAdditional inspirations from Ranjay Gulati:Deep Purpose: The Heart and Soul of High-Performance Companies (Harper Business, 2022)

In The Land Trap: A New History of the World’s Oldest Asset, Mike Bird shows why land remains the ultimate currency of power.Bird is the Wall Street editor at The Economist, where he leads coverage across the American financial industry and cohosts the magazine’s flagship podcast Money Talks. In his new book, he presents a bold new framework explaining how land exerts influence over the modern world, shaping housing, banking, and geopolitics.In his conversation with Nikolaus Lang, global leader of the BCG Henderson Institute, Bird discusses the history of land usage and ownership, how land is related to modern economic crises, and different governance models for land.Key topics discussed: 01:01 | What makes land unique, and why is it a trap?04:58 | The history of land ownership11:38 | The relation between land and economic crises16:00 | The role of “superstar cities”19:08 | How land could be governed23:36 | Business implications of land

In SuperAdaptability: How to Transcend in an Age of Overwhelm, Max McKeown argues that the key to thriving under uncertainty is adaptability—being able to change with your environment, again and again, getting better each time.McKeown is a leading strategy thinker, coach to Fortune 100 companies, and an award-winning author. In his new book, he reveals how figures as different as Frida Kahlo, Leonardo da Vinci, and Simone Biles all relied on the same pattern of thinking to adapt to radically changing circumstances.In his conversation with Adam Job, senior director at the BCG Henderson Institute, he discusses the difference between adaptability and resilience, and how to scale adaptability from one person to a team to an entire organization.Key topics discussed: 01:14 | The power of adaptive intelligence03:03 | Adaptability vs. resilience05:15 | The RUN loop: Recognize, understand, necessary action09:08 | How to help others become more adaptable11:57 | How to make your company more adaptable16:19 | Applying the loop logic to innovation23:56 | Real life stories of adaptability29:23 | Bringing adaptability to life with illustrationsAdditional inspirations from Max McKeown:The Strategy Book: How to Think and Act Strategically to Deliver Outstanding Results (FT Publishing International, 2024)

In Capitalism and Its Critics: A Battle of Ideas in the Modern World, John Cassidy offers a multi-century history of global capitalism, told through the eyes of its dissenters.Cassidy is a staff writer at The New Yorker and a Pulitzer Prize finalist. His new book blends biography, history, and economic analysis to reveal the roots of urgent debates the business world and society face today, as AI, climate change, and inequality are forcing us to reexamine the economic system.In his conversation with Nikolaus Lang, global leader of the BCG Henderson Institute, Cassidy discusses the main historical themes of capitalism critique, why the system continues to endure, how it is being, and what its future may be in the current context of assaults on the system from both the political left and right.Key topics discussed: 01:44 | The main themes of capitalism critique04:17 | Why capitalism endures09:15 | The paradox of state capitalism14:21 | The misunderstood Luddites19:09 | Trade tensions and global economic asymmetry24:45 | The role of unpaid domestic labor in driving the capitalist system28:50 | The most surprising insights in writing the book31:33 | The future of capitalismAdditional inspirations from John Cassidy:Dot.Con: The Greatest Story Ever Sold (Harper, 2022)How Markets Fail: The Logic of Economic Calamities (Picador, 2010)

In Warhead: How the Brain Shapes War and War Shapes the Brain, Nicholas Wright argues that war and competition are rooted in human biology—in our drives for survival, fairness, territory, and belonging.Wright is a neuroscientist who researches the brain, technology, and security at University College London; Georgetown University; and the Center for Strategic and International Studies in Washington, DC, where he also advises the Pentagon. In his new book, he explores how each region of the brain is linked to a certain dimension of conflict—explaining why war seems inevitable, yet also why peace is possible.In his conversation with Nikolaus Lang, global leader of the BCG Henderson Institute, he discusses why neuroscience is a powerful lens to understand conflict, how it helps military leaders make decisions, and why we need to give AI a prefrontal cortex to ensure it makes wise decisions in conflict situations.Key topics discussed: 01:27 | Neuroscience as a lens to understand conflict04:10 | The role of prediction error in the psychology of war07:29 | The clash between the amygdala and prefrontal cortex12:46 | How AI and its interaction with humans may influence the future of conflict18:55 | How neuroscience insights help military leaders make decisions22:13 | Training political and business leaders based on neuroscience insights

In After the Spike: Population, Progress, and the Case for People, Dean Spears and Michael Geruso argue that the defining demographic risk of this century is global depopulation.Spears and Geruso are both professors at the University of Texas at Austin, focusing on economic demography and development economics. In their new book, they explore the trend of falling birth rates, how it threatens human progress, and what actions may reverse this trend.In their conversation with Nikolaus Lang, global leader of the BCG Henderson Institute, they discuss projections for global depopulation, why advances in AI and robotics will not replace humans, why fewer people may not be good for the planet, and what the implications of all this are for business leaders.Key topics discussed:01:06 | Projected global population levels06:11 | The impact of depopulation11:00 | The potential for AI and robotics to replace humans17:00 | The environmental implications of depopulation21:24 | Potential solutions to falling birth rates26:02 | Implications for business leaders28:26 | Reasons to remain hopefulAdditional inspirations from Dean Spears:Air: Pollution, Climate Change and India's Choice Between Policy and Pretence (Harper Collins Publishers India, 2019)Where India Goes: Abandoned Toilets, Stunted Development and the Costs of Caste, co-authored by Diane Coffey (Harper Collins Publishers India, 2017)

In How Progress Ends: Technology, Innovation, and the Fate of Nations, Carl Benedikt Frey argues that progress, throughout history, has not just depended on technological innovations but also on the flexibility of our institutions.Frey is the associate professor of AI & Work at the University of Oxford, where he directs the Future of Work program. In his new book, he explores how technological progress has unfolded throughout history, from the Qin Dynasty to Silicon Valley. He argues that progress is always fragile, resting on achieving a delicate balance between decentralized innovation and centralized scaling of new technologies.In his conversation with Adam Job, senior director at the BCG Henderson Institute, he discusses how to achieve institutional flexibility, the hurdles we must overcome to turn AI into progress, and what lessons history holds for business leaders looking to navigate the conundrum of innovating versus scaling.Key topics discussed: 01:15 | The fragility of progress05:35 | The role of decentralization and centralization11:24 | How to achieve institutional flexibility17:29 | The hurdles to overcome for turning AI into progress21:04 | How business leaders can navigate the conundrum of innovating vs. scaling25:00 | Why progress might not yet endAdditional inspirations from Carl Benedikt Frey:The Technology Trap: Capital, Labor, and Power in the Age of Automation (Princeton University Press, 2019)

In Anointed: The Extraordinary Effects of Social Status in A Winner-Take-Most World, Toby Stuart dives deeply into the power that social status holds over us.Stuart is the Leo Helzel Chair in Entrepreneurship and Innovation at UC Berkeley’s Haas School of Business. In his new book, he explores how social status shapes everything—from who we trust and what we value, to which ideas and innovations change the world and who gets credit for their success.In his conversation with Adam Job, Senior Director at the BCG Henderson Institute, he discusses the cumulative effects of social status, whereby small initial differences can snowball into outsize effects. He also outlines why the social status system persists despite a prevailing distrust in elites—and how AI may yet be poised to change the system.Key topics discussed: 01:44 | The importance of social status05:15 | The role of anointment in modern times13:23 | The cumulative effects of social status19:18 | Why the social status system persists21:23 | How AI may change the role of social status24:45 | The downsides of high social status, and how to deal with them

Sangeet Paul Choudary, founder of Platformation Labs and an expert on AI and platforms, shares intriguing insights from his book, Reshuffle. He challenges misconceptions about AI's role, emphasizing that its true power lies in enhancing coordination, not just automating tasks. Choudary discusses how AI will redefine job value and lead us to a modular, on-demand economy. He also introduces the concept of 'coordination without consensus,' showing how companies can adapt their strategies in this evolving landscape.