History of Philosophy Without Any Gaps

Peter interviews Jack Zupko about John Buridan, a secular philosopher known for his parsimonious approach. They discuss Buridan's quest for certain knowledge, his unique methodology, and his views on subjects, predicates, and common natures. They also delve into the controversy surrounding the nature of the soul and explore Buridan's theory of impetus in physics.

John Buridan, a nominalist and scholar of knowledge and language, discusses his theory on these subjects as well as the workings of free will. The chapter explores Buridan's popularity, his practical views on logic and language, his empiricist philosophy, his distinction between realist and predicate essentialism, and his response to skepticism regarding freedom and decision-making.

Monica Green, an expert in medieval medicine and philosophy, discusses the challenges of analyzing medical content within other sources, the complexities of translating Greek and Arabic medical texts into Latin, advancements in 14th-century medicine including anatomy, surgery, pharmaceuticals, and public health, the understanding of the Black Death by medieval medical writers, and the role of gender in medieval medicine.

Medieval philosophers Ockham, Buridan, Oresme, and Marchia delve into infinity, continuity, atomism, and the impetus of motion in 14th-century physics. The podcast also explores the influence of Aristotle and Ptolemy on astronomy and cosmology, different perspectives on matter and discrete points, and the concept of motion and Avicenna's contributions.

Oxford Calculators at the University of Oxford make breakthroughs in physics by applying mathematics to motion. They explore concepts such as force, resistance, and velocity. Additionally, they discuss the theory of motion in void and introduce alternative theories. The podcast also delves into the concepts and theories of the Oxford Calculators in the field of physics, including force and resistance ratios, speed and force relationships, and uniform and accelerated motion. Impetus and other innovations in physics by 14th-century thinkers are also mentioned.

Sara Uckelman, expert in medieval logic, defeats Peter in the game of obligations. The podcast explores dynamic logic, multi-agent reasoning, and the purpose of disputations in medieval universities. It also delves into the rules and paradoxes of disputations and discusses variants of obligation games. Counterfactual reasoning and argumentation are explored, providing examples to illustrate the speaker's points.

The podcast explores the significance of logic in philosophy and the nominalism-realism debate. It discusses the issue of ambiguity in language and highlights the importance of context in interpretation. The views on the nature of propositions and logical inference are examined. The podcast also explores the game of obligations played by Scholastics in the 14th century.

Scotus, Ockham, and Bradwardine ask how we can be free if God knows and chooses the things we will do in the future.

Exploring the impact of philosopher William of Occam's ideas, including the controversy surrounding intuitive cognition criticized by Walter Chatton and rejected by Adam Wodham. The podcast also discusses the philosophical views of Burley and Occam on realism and nominalism, as well as the contrasting views on moral responsibility and the debate on freedom.

An interview with Susan Brower-Toland on Ockham's philosophy of mind, exploring topics like intuitive cognition, consciousness, self-awareness, memory, and reactions to Ockham's ideas.