Sigma Nutrition Radio

Alan Flanagan, a researcher in nutrition and chronobiology, delves into the fascinating world of chronotypes – our biological sleep-wake preferences. He explains how these are distinct from simple lifestyle choices and discusses various measurement methods, from lab tests to questionnaires. The conversation explores genetic and environmental influences on chronotypes and their significant health implications, particularly concerning meal timing and metabolic health. Alan also addresses the challenges for late chronotypes in a society structured around early schedules.

Professor Eric Rawson, a leading expert on nutrition and exercise science, dives into the fascinating world of creatine. He unpacks how creatine isn’t just for muscle gain but may also enhance brain health and cognitive function, especially in aging or neurodegenerative contexts. Discussing the biochemistry behind creatine, he tackles its benefits, evidence for cognitive improvements, and implications for those with brain injuries. Rawson provides a balanced view, cautioning against overhyped claims while highlighting creatine's potential in supporting brain vitality.

Exploring the mysteries of energy expenditure, the discussion reveals surprising insights into how our bodies regulate calorie burn. Research showcases that energy output isn't fixed; it adapts based on activity levels. Highlighted are the intriguing findings from hunter-gatherers, illustrating that high activity doesn’t always equate to higher energy expenditure. The podcast also delves into the limits of human calorie burn, examining extreme scenarios like ultra-endurance athletes, prompting us to rethink the simplistic 'calories in vs. calories out' model.

Dr. Samuel Dicken, a Research Fellow at UCL and lead author of the UPDATE trial, dives into fascinating insights from his groundbreaking research on ultra-processed versus minimally processed diets. He discusses how these diets affect cravings and appetite regulation, challenging the notion of what constitutes a healthy eating pattern. With potential policy implications addressed, Dr. Dicken emphasizes the urgent need for systemic changes to improve food accessibility, particularly for disadvantaged communities. Tune in for a thought-provoking exploration of our dietary choices!

Dr. Matthew Facciani, a postdoctoral researcher at The University of Notre Dame, dives into the intricate world of health beliefs and misinformation. He explains how social psychology influences our acceptance of health claims and the role of identity in shaping these beliefs. The discussion covers innovative approaches to improve media literacy through gaming and highlights the importance of community connection in combating misinformation. Facciani emphasizes the need for critical thinking to navigate today's complex information landscape.

In this discussion, Prof. Jean-Philippe Drouin-Chartier, a nutrition researcher and registered dietitian, dives into the diverse impacts of dairy on cardiometabolic health. He reveals how different dairy products like yogurt and butter can affect cholesterol and blood pressure differently. The conversation explores the evolving dietary guidelines in Canada, emphasizing the importance of the dairy matrix. Prof. Drouin-Chartier also highlights the need for precise research on low-fat versus high-fat dairy and its implications for type 2 diabetes.

Join Professor Ian Mudway, an environmental toxicologist from Imperial College London, as he dives into the pressing issue of microplastics in our environment and bodies. He discusses their alarming prevalence in food and air and the complexities surrounding their health implications. The conversation balances public fascination with scientific evidence, tackling misconceptions and the role of media in shaping perceptions. Mudway emphasizes the need for clear communication and research, urging a broader view of environmental health priorities.

In this discussion, Daniel Davey, a performance nutritionist with a wealth of experience from top Irish sports teams, shares his insights on the evolution of nutrition in elite performance. He emphasizes a shift from traditional meal plans to empowering athletes through education and sustainable habits. Davey highlights the importance of fostering a supportive nutrition culture and encourages athletes to take ownership of their dietary choices. This engaging conversation blends practical strategies with a focus on personal growth and autonomy in nutrition.

Can industry-funded nutrition studies be trusted? This discussion dives into the bias that can arise from such funding, shedding light on how it shapes research outcomes. Listeners learn to critically evaluate studies, especially when industry interests are at play. The episode highlights discrepancies in findings related to red meat and artificial sweeteners, emphasizing the importance of transparency in research. A look at dairy consumption's effects on metabolic health further challenges common assumptions. Equip yourself with tools to navigate this intricate landscape!

Joining the discussion is Prof. Brendon Gurd, a specialist in exercise physiology at Queen's University. He challenges the hype around Zone 2 training, evaluating its real health benefits versus popular beliefs. Key topics include the impact of exercise intensity on VO2 max, the importance of active lifestyles over strict training zones, and the nuances of aging and recovery. Prof. Gurd also highlights how individual fitness levels affect training effectiveness, emphasizing that a balanced approach can yield better health outcomes.